CPP 2012 Domain 7: Crisis Management

Question 1

What type of bulk explosives detection technology is often built into fixed sites, sometimes in a building all to itself?

Answer 1

High-energy x-ray, or gamma ray devices that use radioactivity rather than an x-ray tube.
These are often used for detection of explosives in vehicles and cargo containers.

Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, page 233

Question 2

For effective bulk explosives detection, how often must a person be screened by low dose backscatter x-ray devices?

Answer 2

Twice.

Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, page 233

Question 3

What bulk explosives detection technology works by determining the nitrogen content of a material via detecting gamma rays of a specific wavelength?

Answer 3

Thermal neutron activation devices.

Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, page 233

Question 4

What bulk explosives detection technology uses pulsed low energy radio waves to determine the presence of nitrogen-rich materials?

Answer 4

Quadrupole resonance.

Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, page 234

Question 5

What are the main types of trace explosives detection?

Answer 5

Ion mobility spectrometry, 
Colorimetry, 
Chemiluminescence, 
Mass spectrometry, 
Fluorescence, 
Canine olfaction.
Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, pages 235-238

Question 6

What technology is considered the gold standard of trace explosives detection but is hampered by high costs, high maintenance requirements, and the need for expert operators?

Answer 6

Mass spectrometry.

Source: POA: Physical Security, 8.2.3, page 237

Question 7

The logical beginning of emergency management is developing a plan that does what four things?

Answer 7

Defines emergency in terms relevant to the organization,
Establishes an organization to perform emergency-related tasks,
Establishes a method for using available resources and obtaining additional resources in an emergency,
Provides a means for moving operations into and back out of emergency mode.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.4.1, page 6

Question 8

What is sometimes referred to as the private sector version of emergency management?

Answer 8

Business continuity.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.4.2, page 7

Question 9

What are the four elements of emergency management?

Answer 9

Mitigation,
Preparedness,
Response,
Recovery.
Source: POA: Crisis Management,  1.4.2, page 6

Question 10

What are the three primary objectives of emergency management?

Answer 10

Minimize the probability of an emergency,
Mitigate the impact of an emergency,
Recover from the emergency and resume normal operations.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.4.3, page 8

Question 11

What are the three types of emergency operation plans?

Answer 11

All-hazards,
Standalone (different for each emergency),
Combination of all-hazards and standalone.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.5.3, page 10

Question 12

How often should an emergency operations plan be audited?

Answer 12

At least annually. Evaluations should occur after drills, emergencies, personnel changes, facility design changes, and policy changes.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.5.3, page 10

Question 13

Why are emergency management tests and exercises conducted?

Answer 13

To check workability of plan,
To determine levels of staff awareness and training,
To evaluate emergency communications,
To identify shortcomings in evacuation procedures.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.5.6, page 12

Question 14

What are the four types of emergency drill formats?

Answer 14

Tabletop exercise,
Evacuation/shelter-in-place drill,
Plan walkthrough,
Full exercise with outside response agencies.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.5.6, page 12

Question 15

Who should be assigned the role of an organization’s emergency coordinator?

Answer 15

Someone regularly responsible for handling emergencies, such as the head of security or engineering.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.6.1, page 16

Question 16

Which departments should be represented in helping the emergency coordinator organize an emergency plan?

Answer 16

At a minimum, the following departments should assist:
Legal, 
Personnel,
Medical,
Transportation,
Public relations,
Facility engineering,
IT,
Security.
Source: POA: Crisis Management,  1.6.1, page 17

Question 17

What are the five elements of the Incident Command System?

Answer 17

Command,
Operations,
Planning,
Logistics,
Finance and administration.
Source: POA: Crisis Management,  1.6.2, page 17

Question 18

Which departments/roles should be represented on a crisis management team?

Answer 18

Senior management,                      
Plans and operations,
Public affairs, 
Human resources, 
Facilities engineering, 
Security,
Safety and occupational health, 
Legal,
Resource management, 
Logistics, 
Chaplain, 
Employee union.
Source: POA: Crisis Management,  1.6.3, pages 19-20

Question 19

Who should have access to the emergency telephone numbers of key personnel?

Answer 19

Staff in control centers,
Senior personnel with plan implementation responsibilities.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.6.6, page 22

Question 20

What is a mutual aid association?

Answer 20

A mutual aid association is an arrangement by which businesses and other organizations agree to assist each other by providing materials, equipment, and personnel for disaster control during emergencies.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.7.3, page 24

Question 21

Who should be responsible for shutting down equipment in an emergency?

Answer 21

Those already familiar with the process.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.7.10, page 31

Question 22

What is a business impact analysis (BIA)?

Answer 22

A BIA is a tool used to:
Identify an entity’s critical functions,
Assess the impact of a disaster or other emergency on those functions over time,
Determine the other elements of the business on which those critical functions depend,
Help develop and prioritize recovery strategies.
Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.8, page 33

Question 23

What are the four approaches to terrorism analysis?

Answer 23

Multicausal,
Political,
Organizational, 
Psychological.
Source: POA: Crisis Management,  2.2, pages 42-43

Question 24

What type of extremists pose the most dangerous threat to the world today?

Answer 24

Global jihadists.

Source: POA: Crisis Management, 2.2.4, page 43

Question 25

What is the principal form of terrorist activity?

Answer 25

Bombings with conventional explosives are the principal form of terrorist activity, but the probability of future attacks using chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) materials is increasing. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 2.6, page 47

Question 26

What is the most dramatic recent development in individual weaponry?

Answer 26

Precision-guided munitions, or man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS). Source: POA: Crisis Management, 2.8, page 50

Question 27

What is the effective range of MANPADS?

Answer 27

1 to 3.5 kilometers (0.6 to 2.2 miles). Source: POA: Crisis Management, 2.8, page 50

Question 28

What are the four elements required for a bombing?

Answer 28

``` Motive, Material, Knowledge, Opportunity. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.3.2, page 58 ```

Question 29

What is the likelihood, from most to least likely, of the five types of bomb incidents?

Answer 29

``` Unattended item, Bomb threat, Hazardous mail, Bomb, Post blast. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.4.1, page 60 ```

Question 30

What are the four principles of bomb security?

Answer 30

Preventing a bomb from entering the site, Early detection of bomb incidents, Appropriate response measures, Careful facility design. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.4.2, page 61

Question 31

What security measures can help prevent or limit the effect of bombings if sufficient standoff distance is impossible?

Answer 31

Video surveillance, Security patrols. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.4.2, page 61

Question 32

What are the five Rs of bomb threat evaluation?

Answer 32

``` Receive, Record, Report, Review, Respond. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2, page 64 ```

Question 33

What is the key question in a bomb threat assessment?

Answer 33

Could the threatener have done what was claimed (e.g. put a bomb on the premises)? Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2. page 64

Question 34

With whom should a person who receives a bomb threat discuss the incident?

Answer 34

Only with the bomb threat evaluation team. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2, page 65

Question 35

Which staff should be taught how to receive, record, and report bomb threats?

Answer 35

All staff should be educated in what to do if they receive a bomb threat. All staff who deal with the public should be taught how to receive, record, and report bomb threats. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2, page 65

Question 36

To whom should all bomb threats be referred?

Answer 36

All bomb threats should be referred to the organization’s threat coordinator. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2, page 66

Question 37

What is the most important and most difficult phase of bomb threat evaluation?

Answer 37

The review phase, when the threat is evaluated. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.7, page 67

Question 38

Should the deliberations of a threat evaluation team be recorded?

Answer 38

Yes, deliberations should be recorded to assist with subsequent investigations, to justify actions taken, and to provide a basis for future training and process reviews. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.5.2, page 67

Question 39

What are the four main consequences of a bomb on site?

Answer 39

Explosion, Disrupted operations, Injuries during evacuation, Concern by staff and others about how the incident was managed. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.6.1, page 69

Question 40

What are the three most effective measures for preventing a bomb from getting on site?

Answer 40

Access control of members of the public, Mail screening, Observant staff and public. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.6.2, page 70

Question 41

What are two ways to protect oneself from a bomb explosion?

Answer 41

Distance, Cover. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.6.3, page 70

Question 42

What are the four steps to responding to a bomb?

Answer 42

Report the incident, Confirm that the item is a bomb, Evacuate if it is a bomb, Supervise shutdown and evacuation per emergency procedures. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.6.3, page 70

Question 43

How far should evacuation assembly areas be from a facility, if possible?

Answer 43

300 meters (328 yards). The assembly area should be behind solid cover, not in direct line of sight of the bomb, and not facing or under windows. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.6.3, page 70

Question 44

When a bomb threat is made, under what conditions should a search be conducted?

Answer 44

If there is a reasonable belief that a bomb is on site and there is adequate time before the deadline. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.12, page 83

Question 45

What is the ultimate value of incident reporting?

Answer 45

Incident reporting creates opportunities for avoiding future incidents, events, and losses through planning, employee awareness training, and security enhancements. Source: POA: Security Management, 5.8, page 128

Question 46

What inexpensive mail screening tool may damage documents inside envelopes or weaken package wrapping, thus increasing the hazard?

Answer 46

Transparency sprays. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.9.3, page 78

Question 47

What mail screening technology, which can also scan for drugs, is best used for secondary screening?

Answer 47

Explosive detectors. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.9.3, page 78

Question 48

Under what conditions should a package deemed hazardous be placed in a container?

Answer 48

Never. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.9.3, page 79

Question 49

What are the two goals when dealing with possible chemical and biological (CB) mail attacks?

Answer 49

Limit distribution of the material, Look after any staff who have been exposed. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.10.3, page 81

Question 50

What are the four bomb search types?

Answer 50

``` Occupant (e.g. office, factory), Warden (e.g. mall, museum), Team, High-risk. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.12.2, pages 84-85 ```

Question 51

How many people should be on a bomb search team?

Answer 51

Two. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.12.3, page 85

Question 52

What is the first step for a bomb search team when entering a room or space?

Answer 52

Stop just inside the entrance and look and listen to become acclimated to the area. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.12.3, page 85

Question 53

What are the six sub-classifications of the United Nations classification of hazardous items?

Answer 53

HC 1.1 = primary hazard is a blast, HC 1.2 = primary hazard is fragmentation, HC 1.3 = primary hazard is fire, HC 1.4, 1.5, 1.6 = hazards are reduced by packaging or design. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.1, pages 87-88

Question 54

What are the three basic types of explosion?

Answer 54

Mechanical, Chemical, Nuclear. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.1, page 87

Question 55

What are the three primary products of an explosion?

Answer 55

Blast, Fragmentation, Heat. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.2, page 88

Question 56

On what three variables does the nature of a bomb blast wave depend?

Answer 56

Type of explosive and method of detonation, Location, Packing or confinement. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.2, page 89

Question 57

At what distance from bombs is someone at high risk of death?

Answer 57

Explosive weight of bomb Distance ``` 2 kg (4.4 lb.) 1.2 meters (4 feet) 5 kg (11 lb.) 1.75 meters (6 feet) 10 kg (22 lb.) 2.2 meters (7 feet) 25 kg (55 lb.) 3 meters (10 feet) Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.3, page 91 ```

Question 58

In what situation is probability of death higher: a 10 kg (22-pound) bomb at 10 meters (33 feet), or a 20 kg (44-pound) bomb at 20 meters (66 feet)?

Answer 58

A 10 kg bomb at 10 meters brings a 28 percent probability of death, A 20 kg bomb at 20 meters carries an 8.5 percent probability of death. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 3.13.3, page 92

Question 59

What are the two principal considerations when choosing a planning format for emergencies?

Answer 59

Plan dissemination, Plan maintenance. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.5.3, page 10

Question 60

How can an organization without an incident database gain some benefits of a database?

Answer 60

By developing an asset protection plan. Source: POA: Security Management, 5.9, page 129

Question 61

Should the business continuity plan be part of an organization's emergency operations plan?

Answer 61

No, they should be maintained as separate plans. Source: POA: Crisis Management, 1.8, page 33

Question 62

What are the key tenets of effective incident reporting forms?

Answer 62

Design a good report form, Teach security staff how to use it, Promptly collect data and conduct initial analysis, Produce periodic management reports. Source: POA: Security Management, 5.5, pages 116-117

Question 63

To which departments should incident reports be distributed?

Answer 63

``` Security, Insurance, Property accounting, Legal, Auditing, Originator. Source: POA: Security Management, 5.7.4, page 125 ```