Correlations

Question 1

what is correlational anaylsis

Answer 1

determine whether there is a significant linear relationship between 2 variables

Question 2

what is a positive correlational analysis

Answer 2

as one variable increases so does the other

Question 3

what is negative correlational analysis

Answer 3

as one variable increases, the other decreases

Question 4

when you have 2 conditions, if the data is parametric, what correlation do you use

Answer 4

pearson

Question 5

when you have 2 conditions, if the data is non-parametric, what correlation do you use

Answer 5

spearman

Question 6

what are the 5 things you look out for with data

Answer 6

are there any obvious patterns
is the pattern what you predicted
do scores vary a lot
are there any anomalies
are scored clustered/spread out

Question 7

what are 2 positives of using a correlation

Answer 7

shows a relationship

can make predictions from them

Question 8

what is one negative of using a correlation

Answer 8

cannot draw conclusions

Question 9

what 3 things does data have to have to make it parametric

Answer 9

interval/ratio scale
equality of homogeneity of variance
normal distribution

Question 10

what are 3 positives of having parametric data

Answer 10

more powerful test
more likely to demonstrate of significant result
depends on parametric assumptions

Question 11

what 3 things does data have to have to make it non-parametric

Answer 11

ordinal/nominal data
any variance
any distribution

Question 12

what is a positive of having non parametric data

Answer 12

more tolerant of outsiders

Question 13

what is a negative of having non parametric data

Answer 13

less powerful

Question 14

what is a correlation coefficient

Answer 14

tells us the strength and direction of the relationship

Question 15

during a correlation coefficient, what does the numbers go from

Answer 15

-1—–+1

Question 16

in a correlation coefficient what does -1 mean

Answer 16

perfect negative corelation

Question 17

in a correlation coefficient what does +1 mean

Answer 17

perfect positive corrlation

Question 18

in a correlation coefficient what does 0 mean

Answer 18

no relationship

Question 19

what can r tell us about the correlation?

Answer 19

the direction of the relationship-showed by - and +

strength of the relationship

Question 20

what is a one tailed hypothesis

Answer 20

predicting the direction of the relationship

Question 21

what is a 2 tailed hypothesis

Answer 21

predicting a relationship with no direction

Question 22

what is the level of significance we accept

Answer 22

5%

0.05

Question 23

what degress of freedom do we do

Answer 23

N-2

Question 24

if r is larger than the critical value, then what do we do

Answer 24

the result is significant at p<0.5
we can be 95% certain the result did not happen by chance
we accept the experimental hypothesis and reject the null hypothesis

Question 25

if r is smaller than the critical value, then what do we do

Answer 25

the result is non-significant
we are not certain enough that the result didnt happen by chance
we have to reject the experimental hypothesis and accept the null hypothesis

Question 26

how do we write the formula for a significant result

Answer 26

r(degrees of freedom) =r value, p<0.05