correlations Flashcards

1
Q

what is a correlation

A
  • Determining the extent of an association between two variables
  • (RELATIONSHIP AND ASSOCIATION)
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2
Q

what is a positive correlation

A
  • as one variable increases, the other increases = +1
  • strong = dots close + in a line
  • weak = dots scattered all over graph

Strong = 0.7-0.9
Mod = 0.4-0.6
Weak = 0.0-0.3

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3
Q

what is a negative correlation

A
  • as one variable increases, the other decreases = -1
  • strong = dots close + in a line
  • weak = dots scattered all over graph

Strong = 0.7-0.9
Mod = 0.4-0.6
Weak = 0.0-0.3

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4
Q

what is no correlation

A

No relationship between the variable = 0

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5
Q

what is the Correlation coefficient (r)

A

A number between -1 and +1 that tells us the direction and strength between the two variables

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6
Q

what is an intervening variable

A

A variable that occurs between the independent and dependent variables - can’t control as we aren’t manipulating

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7
Q

what is a third variable problem

A

A type of confounding in which a third variable leads to a mistaken causal relationship between two others

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8
Q

what are the strengths/positives of correlations

A
  • Useful because we can use them when research may have ethical issues
  • They can lead onto experiments or experimental research ( if we see a relationship, we can further investigate this )
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9
Q

what are the weaknesses/negatives of correlations

A
  • Cause and effect (as experimenters , we have not manipulated variables, therefore we cannot be sure of the relationship, as the relationship may just be a coincident , all we can do is suggest a link )
  • This can also lead into a third variable problem, which can have an impact
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