Corrective & Therapeutic Shoeing Techniques Flashcards
How often should you trim a normal hoof?
Every 4-6 weeks
What direction do hoofs grow?
Coronet –> distally
How long does it take for the hoof to grow completely from the coronet to the most distal aspect?
1 year
Where does the hoof growth come from?
Perioplic corium
How should the hoof-pastern axis look when evaluating from the front?
Perpendicular and parallel to the ground and symmetrical
What should the shape of the front hoof vs. hind hoof be?
Front hoof should be more round
Hind hoof should be more pointed
What are the instruments that are needed to remove shoes?
shoe puller
clinch cutter
hammer
nail puller
How do you remove shoes?
Open nail clinches to unbend/straighten out the nail
Loosen shoe at the bars of hoof using mallet and chisel
Lastly wedge shoe off with shoe puller
What does the “polished” area mean on a horseshoe?
This is a good sign that occurs because heel of hoof is expanding and contracting w/ every step
What are the tools used for hoof trimming?
Hoof nippers, hoof knifes, rasp
How are hoofs trimmed?
Trim wall of horse w/ nippers and then use the hoof knife (frog trimming) and then rasping the hoof
Incorrect hoof trimming can lead to what?
Poor pastern angle
What is the exception to trimming a hoof to keep the toe from being too long?
Pacer/standardbreds the toe is left longer to increase stride length
Which way should the bevel of the hoof nail be facing?
the frog/inside of the hoof- when the farrier pounds on the nail it forces the bevel to bend a little bit and tip of nail re-surfaces and comes out of hoof capsule again
What is a clinch bed?
Dig out a little area under tip of nail and then with a clinch block and hammer to bend nail and tighten it (secures nail)
Lameness in association to shoeing comes from what?
Putting pressure on sensitive lamina –> pressure builds and horse becomes lame
Contracted heels commonly occurs with what?
Sidebones
What are sidebones?
inside hoof capsule are hoof cartilages- these become calcified overtime from microtrauma from stepping on hard surfaces
What fracture is associated with increased expansion?
Coffin bone fracture
How can a farrier minimize expansion?
Utilizing a full bar shoe
Where does DDFT travel?
Down to coffin bone and bends slightly near navicular bone
What can be used for a treatment of navicular disease?
Rocker-toe facilitates break over
What is break over?
The moment the shoe lifts off the ground
If the flexor tendon is ruptured below the fetlock, what do you see?
Toe points up
What is ruptured if there is a completely dropped hock?
SDFT + DDFT + Suspensory apparatus
toe is completely skyward
What can be used for treatment of flexor tendon rupture?
Fetlock supporting shoe + Kimsey splint (elevates heel area)
This should be gradually lowered when removing the shoe
What are the CS of a horse with a solar abscess?
Lameness
Thumping digital pulse
Draining tract at coronary band
Swelling proximal to hoof capsule
How is a solar abscess treated?
Debride and drain
Establish drainage
Make sure that horse has his tetanus vaccine
What is done for tx of septic navicular bursitis?
Sx followed w/ plate shoe
If there is a puncture wound in the heel area, what is the prognosis?
Good
What is the prognosis if there is a puncture wound in the coffin bone/joint
GRAVE
What is a keratoma?
Abnormal keratinization in response to chronic injury
What are the CS of a keratoma?
Lameness
Deviation at white line (sole surface)
How is a keratoma treated?
Cut two grooves until bleeding to get to keratoma and peel it away, pack with gauze and put plate shoe + bandage + rest
What is quittor?
Chronic purulent inflammation of collateral cartilage (necrosis of collateral cartilage)
What is degenerative condition of the frog called?
Thrush
What is thrush caused by?
Unhygienic conditions
Where is thrush commonly seen?
Rear limb due to urine and manure
What is the key strategy in treating thrush?
Keeping it dry and maintaining hygiene after removal of loose horns
When are dalmer shoes used?
Treatment of angular limb deformity
Glue on shoes
