Correctional health Flashcards
1976 Estelle v Gamble
Supreme court ruling that not providing medical services is a violation of the eighth amendment
Deinstitutionalization
Deinstitutionalization of clients with mental illness led to increasing number of inmates.
(1970- 368,000 beds; 1992- 84,000 beds for mentally ill)
Correctional nursing funding
Via public money/taxes
Correctional nursing: Managed care organizations
Managed care organizations are utilized to provide constitutionally-mandated services.
T/F Imprisonment and its effects are concentrated where people of color and poor people live
True
What is true of those whom are incarcerated?
Harder to find jobs
Incomplete education
Stigma
Family experiences increased poverty
**6 inmate rights (ANA, 2007)
Right to access care Right to professional judgement Right to care that is ordered Right to informed consent Right to refuse treatment Right to medical confidentiality
Population demographics
- All have committed a crime, nearly 1/2 violent crimes
- Larger proportion is African-American or Hispanic than in general population
- More males
- More from lower SES, longer trajectory of poorer access to health care
- More chronic illness and infectious disease than the non-incarcerated population.
T/F All have committed crimes which 75% committing violent crimes
False; 50% have committed violent crimes
T/F larger proportion of inmates are African-American or hispanic
True
T/F inmates experiences more chronic illness and infectious disease than the general population.
True
Nursing Role
-Practice is shaped by the nurse practice act, Code of Ethics, federal & state laws, regulations, supreme court decisions.
Nursing Role
- Practice is shaped by the nurse practice act, Code of Ethics, federal & state laws, regulations, supreme court decisions.
- On site care
- Focus on individual, immediate & ambulatory care, attend to emergency needs
- Manage chronic conditions
- Screenings, preventative services, education
What MUST nurses utilize to guide nurse practice (what we can and can’t do)?
Utilizing the nurse practice act. NOT determined by doctors.
Education in correctional nursing
BSN preferred- requires a level of judgement, skill and AUTONOMY that is supported and developed within baccalaureate education.
- Certification available
- Criminal justice, mental health & psych nursing, assessment, decision-making, administrative skills.
- NP’s are often utilized as PCP
T/F Doctors are utilized as primary care providers
False; Nurse practitioners
Is certification available for nurses in correctional health?
Yes
Nursing functions
- Restore and maintain inmate health
- *Autonomy (make decisions & make good clinical judgement)
- Communicable disease
- Education and health promotion
- Review sick call requests “kites”
- Medication administration
- Health Assessment required w/n 14 days of admittance
- Post-release planning
When does a health assessment have to be completed in a correctional facility?
Within 14 days
Common health problems in correctional settings (4)
Mental health
Drug abuse
Communicable disease
Chronic conditions
Mental health
- 25% of inmates diagnosed prior to incarceration
- Mental illness rates 3-6x that of general population
- 3x more likely to have been abused in their life (ACE)
- 4.5% of inmates are sexually victimized at least once while in prison.
- Tend to have longer sentences and cost more while imprisoned
- TBI 60% among adult offenders; 8.5% among general population
T/F 20% of adult offenders have TBI’s
False; 60% among adult offenders; 8.5% among general population
T/F 25% of inmates dx with mental illness prior to incarcerations
True
Substance abuse
76% of local inmates, 74% of state inmates, 50% of federal inmates.
- Drug tx is an essential service
- Monitor for withdrawl- knowing when their last drink was
- Organizing support groups
