Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Biology > Coronary Heart Diseases > Flashcards

Coronary Heart Diseases Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Coronary heart disease meaning

A

When the coronary arteries supplying blood to the heart muscles become narrower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What could cause a reduction in the supply of blood to your heart muscle

A
  • Smoking damages the coronary artery so fat can build up
  • High cholesterol
  • Coronary arterys get narrow with age
  • Blocked artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the consequences to the heart muscle cells if there is a reduction in blood flow?

A
  • Not receiving as much oxygen and blood so they have to work much harder
  • Cells can’t respire properly and won’t have enough energy to contract so eventually the cells could die
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the health problems caused by a reduction in blood supply to the heart muscle?

A
  • Heart attack
  • Stroke
  • Pain (called angina) caused by lack of oxygen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment for permanent coronary diseases

A
  • Heart transplant
  • Artificial heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Treatment for temporary coronary disease

A
  • Stents
    -Statins
  • Bypass surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Stents procedure

A

Step 1: Entering through an artery in the groin, push a narrow tube along the artery until it reaches the site of the blocked coronary artery. The tube has a tiny camera on the end, an uninflated balloon and an unextended stent
Step 2: The balloon is inflated, which extends the stent . The balloon is then deflated, and the tube and camera are removed
Step 3: The stent holds open the artery and therfore more blood and oxygen reaches the heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Advantages of stents

A
  • The blood supply is returned to the heart muscle so the risk of a heart attack is greatly reduced
  • The procedure is far less risky than having a heart transplant of surgery
  • Recovery time is reduced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Disadvantages of stents

A
  • Risks associated with the operation
  • There is a risk that the stent will cause a blood clot, so drugs are needed to prevent this
  • If the patient doesn’t change their lifestyle, the artery could become blocked again
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is bypass surgery?

A

A section of vein from the leg is used to bypass the part of the coronary artery that is blocked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is statins?

A

Drugs that reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Advantage of bypass surgery

A

Can be used on arteries that are so badly blocked that stents can’t be used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Disadvantages of bypass surgery

A
  • Expensive
  • Risks associated with general anesthetic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Advantages of statins

A

Reduces cholesterol levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Disadvantage of statins

A

Rare side effects from drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why might you need a heart transplant?

A
  • Accidents
  • Heart failure/ infection
  • Hole in the heart
  • Born with a structural defect
17
Q

Why might you need a heart transplant?

A
  • Accidents
  • Heart failure/ infection
  • Hole in the heart
  • Born with a structural defect
18
Q

Scientific arguments for heart transplant

A
  • Should provide you with a long teme cure
  • New heart will pump blood effectively to body
19
Q

Scientific arguments against heart transplants

A
  • Not enough donors
  • Donors must have the ame tissue type
  • Operating is risky
  • Have to take immunosupressant drugs for life
20
Q

Social arguments for heart transplants

A
  • Prolongs life
  • Better quality of life
21
Q

Social arguments against heart transplants

A
  • Expensive
  • Patient stays in hospital for a long time
  • If a patient doesn’t change g eir lifestyle, then the problem could reoccur
22
Q

What is an artificial heart?

A

It is mechanical pump

23
Q

How does an artificial heart work

A

It uses differences in pressure to make the blood flow in the correct direction

24
Q

Scientific arguments for artificial heart

A
  • Supports natural heart
  • Small chance of rejection
25
Q

Scientific arguments against artificial heart

A
  • Operation is risky
  • Risk of blood clotting
  • Permanent replacement nit possible with a machine
26
Q

Social arguments for artificial heart

A
  • Prolongs life
  • Better quality of life
27
Q

Social arguments against artificial heart

A
  • Patients often have to remain in the hospital
  • Extremely expensive
28
Q

Why might leaky valves develop

A

They have to withstand a lot of pressure

29
Q

What problem can leaky valves cause

A

Breathlessness

30
Q

How can leaky valves be treated

A
  • Mechanical valves
  • Biological valves
31
Q

Disadvantage of mechanical vales

A

You have to take medicine for the rest of your life

32
Q

Disadvantage of biological valves

A

Only last 12-15 years

GCSE Biology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions