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GCSE Biology > Cell Structure And Cell Organisation > Flashcards

Cell Structure And Cell Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

Organelle

A

A specialised subunit within a cell that has a specific function eg. Nucleus, chloroplast

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2
Q

Nucleus

A
  • Controls the cell
  • Contains DNA
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3
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls entry of substances into the cell

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4
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Where chemical reactions take place

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5
Q

Mitochondria

A

Site of respiration

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6
Q

Ribosomes

A

Produce protein

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7
Q

Cellulose cell wall

A

Gives the cell its shape

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8
Q

Chloroplast

A

Site of photosynthesis

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9
Q

Permanent vacuole

A

Cell sap is stored here

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10
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

They have a simpler cell structure and do not contain a nucleus or other large organelles

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11
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

They have a more complex cell structure and do contain a nucleus and other large organelles

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12
Q

Organelles in an animal cell

A
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
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13
Q

Organelles in a plant cell

A
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
  • Cell wall
  • Vacuole
  • Chloroplast
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14
Q

Organelles in a bacteria cell

A
  • Genetic material
  • Slime capsules ( only some bacteria )
  • Plasmid DNA
  • Cytoplasm
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
  • Flagella ( only some bacteria )
  • Pilus ( only some bacteria )
  • Ribosomes
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15
Q

Slime capsule

A

A protective layer to help bacteria defend itself against toxins and stops it from drying out

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16
Q

Flagella

A

Allows the bacteria cell to move ( like a tail)

17
Q

Plasmids

A

Small circular DNA molecules that carry extra genes from their main DNA molecule

18
Q

Organelles in a yeast cell

A
  • Cell wall
  • temporary vacuole
  • Cytoplasm
  • Ribosome
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
19
Q

EUSAC

A

Equation
Units
Substitute
Arrange
Calculate

20
Q

Resolution

A
  • The ability to distinguish between two separate points
  • The resolving power of a microscope affects how much detail it shows
21
Q

Why might scientists grow bacteria?

A

To test out antibiotics on bacteria to see if they work

22
Q

Disinfectant

A

Kills bacteria on the desk

23
Q

Petri dish

A

Container with lid to grow bacteria

24
Q

Agar jelly

A

Food for bacteria to grow on

25
Q

Bunsen burner

A

Used to sterilise equipment and creates an updraft to stop airborne contamination

26
Q

Inoculation loop

A

Transfers bacteria from the culture to the agar jelly

27
Q

Glass spreader

A

Spreads bacteria over the surface of the agar jelly

28
Q

Incubator

A

Oven used to grow bacteria in 25°C

29
Q

Why is it important to keep conditions sterile

A

Stops the spreading of other bacteria

30
Q

Why are microorganisms not incubated above 25°C in schools

A

Growing bacteria in higher temperatures ( like 37°C) will make it possible more dangerous because they could survive on the human body and therefore harm humans

31
Q

Why must you never open a petri dish when there is bacteria inside?

A

The bacteria could spread to humans and be harmful

GCSE Biology (10 decks)

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