Core Practical 6

Question 1

Why is a weak base used?

Answer 1

to prevent hydrolysis of haloalkane. NaOH could react with the product via nucleophilic substitution​​.

Question 2

Potential error with this practical?

Answer 2

Some product is lost when ​transferring​​ liquids between the vessels.

Question 3

How do you form the crude product?

Answer 3

Add HCl to tertiary alcohol (2-methyl-propan-2-ol)
Put bung in and swirl. Then open bung to release pressure (for 20 mins)
Add anhydrous CaCl2 and shake
this should form 2 layers (upper layer = organic)

Question 4

How do you separate the organic layer from the aqueous layer?

Answer 4

Transfer contents of flask to separating funnel

Allow layer to separate and draw off aqueous layer using the tap

Question 5

How do you remove unreacted HCl?

Answer 5

Add solution of NaHCO3 to remove uncreacted HCl. Swirl and invert, and remove bung to release pressure
REMOVE stopper and run off aqueous layer (CO2)

Question 6

How to remove any water from organic layer?

Answer 6

Add anhydrous Na2SO4 as it acts as a drying agent

Question 7

How do you purify the product?

Answer 7

Distillation separates products based on boiling points