Core Knowledge in Scholarly Activities

Question 1

Test with high sensitivity

Answer 1

Patient with disease will have a positive test

Question 2

Test with high specificty

Answer 2

Healthy patient will have negative test

Question 3

The positive or negative predictive value of any test depends on this measurement

Answer 3

Prevalence of the condition in the population being tested

Question 4

Correlation coefficient interpretation

Answer 4

1 = strong positive association
0 = no association
-1 = strong negative association

Question 5

When to use a t test

Answer 5

Comparing two groups with continuous variables (e.g., IQ score)

Question 6

When to use a paired t test

Answer 6

To compare the same patients (i.e., before and after)

Question 7

When to use a Fisher exact test or chi-squared test

Answer 7

Comparing two groups with categorical variables (e.g., insured or uninsured)

Question 8

Type I error in hypothesis tseting

Answer 8

False positive; p value = chance of type I error

Question 9

Type II error in hypothesis testing

Answer 9

False negative; prevent it with a power calculation

Question 10

What percentage of data on a normal curve falls within 2 standard deviations (SD)?

Answer 10

95%
(68% within 1 SD, 99.7% within 3 SD)