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phar 714 > Copper > Flashcards

Copper Flashcards

1
Q

what are some good food sources of copper? (multiple answers)

a. organ meats
b. eggs
c. nuts
d. seeds
e. kale
f. legumes
g. shellfish
h. dried fruits

A

a,c,d,f,g,h

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2
Q

T/F birth control may lower copper concentration in the body

A

False, it may increase copper concentration

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3
Q

what amount is the upper limit of copper?

A

10mg

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4
Q

T/F excessive zinc consumption make lower copper concentrations

A

True

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5
Q

Which of these diseases may cause a deficiency in copper?

a. Gallbladder disease
b. Pancreatitis
c. Liver disease
d. Kidney disease

A

d

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6
Q

What is the name used for Cu2+?

A

Cupric

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7
Q

What is the name used for Cu1+?

A

Cuprous

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8
Q

Which transporter is specific to cupric?

A

DMT1

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9
Q

Which transporter is specific to cuprous?

A

Ctr1 (hCtr)

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10
Q

What is most copper reduced to before absorption?

A

Cuprous

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11
Q

T/F copper can passively diffuse into a cell

A

True

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12
Q

When copper binds to a ligand, it can be transported into the cell by hCtr or ____

A

excreted

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13
Q

Which proteins direct copper for use within the cell? (multiple answers)

a. glutathione
b. COX17
c. COX15
d. glucagon
e. Cytochrome c oxidase synthesis
f. P-type ATP-ase ATP7A
g. Atox1

A

a,b,e,g

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14
Q

Cuprous is stored in the cell as?

A

metallothionein

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15
Q

what enzyme actively transports cuprous out of the cell and into the blood?

A

P-type ATP-ase ATP7A

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16
Q

In the blood, which of these transporters can copper bind to? (multiple answers)

a. albumin
b. globulin
c. cupormin
d. transcuprein
e. histidine
f. metallic-heme complex
g. cysteine

A

a,d,e,g

17
Q

Which of these enhances copper absorption?

a. amino acids
b. organic acids (except vitamin C)
c. oxalic acid
d. a and b
e. b and c

A

d

18
Q

What vitamin should you not take with a copper supplement?

A

Vitamin C

19
Q

Which of these inhibits copper absorption? (multiple answers)

a. phytate
b. potassium
c. zinc
d. iron
e. duodenum
f. molybdenum
g. acetaminophen and NSAIDs
h. antacids/high pH
i. calcium and phosphorus

A

a,c,d,f,h,i

20
Q

in the liver, copper binds to metallothionein which combines with what? what is the resulting formation? what does the resulting formation do?

A

apoceruloplasmin
ceruloplasmin
delivers copper to tissues

21
Q

Metallothionein can store up to how many copper atoms?

A

12

22
Q

T/F copper can be stored in the liver, brain and kidneys

A

True

23
Q

T/F copper can be stored as free copper (not bound to anything)

A

False

24
Q

What is the primary way copper is excreted?

A

through bile

25
Q

what enzyme eliminates copper from a cell?

A

P-type ATPase ATP7B

26
Q

Copper deficiency can lead to iron deficiency anemia because?

a. without copper, Fe3+ is not reduced to Fe2+ by duodenal cytochrome b reductase and iron cannot bind to DMT1
b. without copper-mediated intracellular reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+, iron cannot be stored as a complex with mobliferrin in the enterocyte
c. without copper, Fe2+ is not oxidized to Fe3+ during ferroportin-mediated efflux of iron
d. copper is needed for mobliferrin production

A

c

27
Q

what causes Wilson’s disease?

A

mutation in ATP7B where cells can intake copper but not export copper

28
Q

what does Wilson’s disease cause in the eye?

A

Keiser-Fleisher ring

29
Q

What causes Menke’s disease?

A

mutation in ATP7A where copper in cell can’t distribute to other organs

30
Q

What does Menke’s disease do to the hair?

A

makes it fuzzy/steely

31
Q

how can you treat Menke’s disease?

A

IV copper so it can distribute to organs via bloodstream

32
Q

whats RDA for adults?

A

900 microcrams

phar 714 (10 decks)

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