COPD- Chronic Bronchitis

Question 1

Chronic Bronchitis Etiology?

Answer 1

Chronic irritation caused by smoking, air pollution, or infection

Question 2

Chronic Bronchitis pathogenesis?

Answer 2

1. Hypertrophy of submucosal glands leading to increased mucus secretion;
2. Marked increase in goblet cells in small airways
3. = Mucus plugs then produce airway obstruction

Question 3

Chronic Bronchitis Histo Fx?

Answer 3

1. Hypertrophy & hyperplasia of mucous gland layer
2. Excess mucus in the airways
3. Increase in the number of goblet cells
4. Increased amount of smooth muscle
5. Lymphocytic infiltrate
6. May exhibit Squamous metaplasia & dysplasia

Question 4

Chronic Bronchitis clinical signs?

Answer 4

1. Productive cough for at least 3 months over 2+ years;
2. “blue bloaters” (refers to cyanosis);
3. dyspnea;
4. wheezing

Question 5

Chronic Bronchitis complications?

Answer 5

cor pulmonale

Question 6

Chronic Bronchitis Lab findings?

Answer 6

Increased residual volume and TLC, Decreased FEV1/FVC ratio,
Reid index > 50% (refers to increased mucous gland size)