COPD

Question 1

What is COPD

Answer 1

Air way disease that is progressive (not variable such asthm),with narrowing of the airway that is not fully reversible with treatment
Mainly associated with smoking (but less often with indoor burnin y of biofuels).

Question 2

What is the pathology of cord

Answer 2

1. Small air ways <2mm neutrophillic inflammation and destruction
2. Destruction of parenchyma with holes in the lung.

Question 3

Diagnosis?

Answer 3

1. Spirometry: fev1/fvc ratio <0.70 post-bronchodialator testing with SABA ( SHORT ACTING BETA AGONIST)

Fvc forced vital capacity

Question 4

What does acute exacerbation?

Answer 4

Increase mortality and morbidity
Worsening cough increase dyspnoea, increase sputum which is discoloured
NB- prognostic factor in COPD

Question 5

Reliever therapy (not diseasmodifying)

Answer 5

1. Long acting bronchodilators: LAMA, long acting mascurinic antagonist (PREFFRED INITIAL THERAPY: it is an anticholinergic) and LABA
2. IDEALLY BOTH ARE COMBINED
3. Mortality reduction associated with smoking cessation and long -term oxygen therapy, including nocturnal al oxygen for those who have resting hypoxemia