Conversions Flashcards
Kilo
K = 10^3
Centi
C = 10^-2
Milli
M = 10^-3
Micro
10^-6
Nano
n = 10^-9
Pico
p = 10^-12
Multiplying the same base with exponents
Add the exponents
Dividing the same base with exponents
Subtract the exponents
10^m/10^n = 10^m-n
Number with a negative exponent
1/10^n
Number with an exponent (10^n)
1/10^-n
Define substance
A form of matter that has a definite composition and distinct properties
Ex: water, table sugar, ammonia, gold…
Define mixture
A combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their distinct identities
Ex: air, soft drink, milk…
Define homogeneous mixture
Composition of the mixture is the same throughout
Ex: dissolving sugar in water
Define heterogeneous mixture
Composition is not uniform
Ex: sand mixed with iron filling
Define element
A substance that cannot be separate into simpler substances by chemical means
There are 118 elements
Define compound
A substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions
Can be separated
Three states of matter
- gas
- liquid
- solid
Define a physical property
Can be measured and observed without changing the composition or identity of the substance
Ex: melting point of ice
Define chemical property
To observe this property we must carry out a chemical change
Extensive properties
- volume
- mass
- size
- weight
- length
Intensive properties
- boiling point
- color
- temperature
- luster (light interacting with surface)
- hardness
Density formula
Mass divided by volume
Giga
G = 10^9
Mega
M = 10^6
