Control of movement

Question 1

what is a monosynaptic reflex

Answer 1

one impulse is sent in, one motor output

Question 2

what is a stretch reflex

Answer 2

muscle spindle detects change in length, sends impulse to vertebrae, send impulse to muscle to contract

Question 3

what are the simplest types of movement

Answer 3

reflexes

Question 4

what are examples of simple and complex reflexes

Answer 4

simple-stretch reflex, complex-swallowing

Question 5

what is the brainstem

Answer 5

made up of medulla, pons and midbrain

Question 6

what is the reticular formation

Answer 6

set of interconnected nuclei located throughout the brain

Question 7

what is the vestibular tract

Answer 7

provides sense of balance and spatial orientation from external features

Question 8

what is vestibulospinal function

Answer 8

altering posture relative to circumstances

Question 9

what is the reticulospinal tract

Answer 9

set of interconnected nuclei with function of maintaining posture and tone

Question 10

how are reticulospinal and vestibulospinal different

Answer 10

reticulospinal focuses more on internal features

Question 11

what percent of the brains volume is the cerebellum

Answer 11

~10%

Question 12

what is the rubrospinal tract

Answer 12

neural pathway which controls muscle tone, reflex activity…

Question 13

how do rubrospinal fibers generally travel

Answer 13

immediately cross the midline after exiting red nucleus and terminate primarily in cervical or lumbar part of spinal chord

Question 14

basal ganglia function

Answer 14

movement regulation, skill learning, habit formation

Question 15

what is the GO pathway

Answer 15

a direct pathway directly through BG, net effect is pro movement

Question 16

what is NO-GO pathway

Answer 16

a indirect pathway that takes a longer loop through the BG, net effect is anti-movement

Question 17

what does damage to basal ganglia do

Answer 17

causes a state where there is too much or too little movement

Question 18

what does damage to cerebellum do

Answer 18

causes a state where uncoordinated movements are made

Question 19

what are homunculi maps

Answer 19

maps showing where each part of the brain controls each part of the body

Question 20

what is transcranial magnetic stimulation

Answer 20

produces muscle twitches when certain parts of the brain are stimulated

Question 21

the primary sensory cortex is responsible for what

Answer 21

touch and kinasthesis

Question 22

the posterior parietal cortex is responsible for

Answer 22

integration of sensory vidual

Question 23

the corticospinal tract is responsible for

Answer 23

precise movements

Question 24

most and least complex part of brain and function

Answer 24

simplest- spinal chord, most complex- cortex