Control In The Human Body Flashcards
What are the 4 internal, controlled conditions in the body?
Water content
Ion content
Temperature
Blood sugar levels
How does water leave the body?
Respiration
Sweat - skin
Urine - kidneys
How are ions lost in the body?
Sweat - skin
Urine - kidneys
Why is temperature controlled in the body?
To maintain the temperature that enzymes work best at
Why do blood sugar levels need to be controlled?
To provide cells with a constant supply of energy
What are hormones?
Processes coordinated by chemical substances
What are hormones secreted by?
Glands
How are hormones transported and what to?
By the blood stream to their target organs
What do hormones do?
Regulate the functions of many organs and cells
What are the hormones involved in promoting the release of an egg?
FSH
LH
Oestrogen
What does FSH do?
- Causes eggs to mature in the ovaries
* Stimulates the ovaries to produce hormones, including oestrogen
What does FSH come from?
It is secreted by the pituitary gland
What does LH do?
Stimulate the realise of eggs from the ovaries
Where does oestrogen come from?
Secreted by the ovaries
What does oestrogen do?
Inhibits further production of FSH
What do oral contraceptives contain and why
Oestrogen
Progesterone
To inhibit egg maturation
What happened with the first birth control pills?
They contained large amounts of oestrogen resulting in significant side effects
What do do birth control pills contain now?
Less oestrogen or just progesterone
Why are progesterone only pills better?
They lead to fewer side effects
Why is FSH and LH drugs given to women?
Their own level of FSH is too low so it stimulates eggs to mature
What happens in IVF?
- Giving a mother FSH and LH to stimulate that maturation of several eggs
- The eggs are collected from the mother and fertilised by sperm from the father
- The fertilised eggs develop into embryos
• When they are tiny balls of cells, 1/2
embryos are inserted into the mothers uterus
