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S/Sgt CPK Dec 2021 > Control and Command > Flashcards

Control and Command Flashcards

1
Q

Explain TENR

A

Threat, Exposure, Necessity, Response

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2
Q

Define Threat

A

Individual, act, anything likely to cause harm or potentially hinder Police in performance of their duties

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3
Q

Define Exposure

A

Potential for harm to people or security of places and things

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4
Q

Define Necessity

A

Need to intervene now, later, not at all

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5
Q

Define Response

A

proportionate and based on assessment of Threat, Exposure and Necessity

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6
Q

The response to any situation must be

A

considered, timely, and proportionate

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7
Q

What is Control?

A

Responsibility for coordinating and directing response to an incident.

Does not include ownership or administration of another agencies resources

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8
Q

How is Control applied?

A

Operates horizontally across organisations

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9
Q

What is Command?

A

Internal ownership; admin and responsibility and direction. NZ Police consider it “the authority that a Commander in NZP lawfully exercises over assigned staff by virtue of rank or assignment”.

It operates vertically within an organisation.

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10
Q

What are the three essential elements of Command and Control?

A
  • Leadership
  • Decision making
  • Control
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11
Q

What is a decision log

A

a record of key decisions

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12
Q

Why does NZP use CIMS as its command and control model (5)

A
  1. Provides one model of command, control and coordination
  2. required in any interagency response in NZ
  3. understood and practiced by our multiagnecy partners
  4. consistent with command, control and coordination SOPs already in place
  5. Allready practiced at all levels of Police
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13
Q

What three specific command levels do police conduct duties

A
  1. Tactical
  2. Operational
  3. Strategic
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14
Q

Do all events and incidents at all levels require Commanders

A

Not for Operational or Strategic levels but all Tactical level events, no matter how minor has a tactical level commander

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15
Q

Almost all Policing occurs at what command level.

Provide examples of functions undertaken by a commander at this level (5)

A

Tactical command level.

  1. commander at inner cordon,
  2. command of immediate situation,
  3. command of all Police resources within cordons,
  4. Command within intent provided by operational Commander and Strategic Commander (if one is appointed)
  5. Manage interagency coordination at a tactical level
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16
Q

When does an operational Command level exist

examples of Operational level Command (5)

A
  • multiple tactical level activities
  • complexity requires higher level of command
  1. Command of overall incident or incidents,
  2. Command of resource distribution to support tactical commanders,
  3. Command response outside area of tactical deployment like AOS Op,
  4. Manage interagency coordination at operational level,
  5. Command response within the strategic Commanders intent
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17
Q

When is strategic command level applied.

Provide examples (4)

A

When Scope, consequence, community or political implications of event is significant and requires dedicated attention.

  1. Command overall Police response,
  2. Command multiple operational level activities like cross district events,
  3. command community consultation response,
  4. provide liaison between Operation and Police Executive, government, media and agencies.
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18
Q

What are the principles of COMMAND & CONTROL (5)

A
  • Unity of CaC. Only one CaC structure at one time
  • Span of CaC. flexible but between 2 - 7 direct reports
  • Continuity of CaC. not disrupted during transfer of authority
  • Delegation of CaC. centralisation at CaC, decentralisation at execution.
  • Obligations of CaC. CaC’er responsible for Health and Safety of staff and wider reputation of Police.
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19
Q

Explain Unity of CaC

A
  • Only one Control or Command Structure
  • Controller/Commander responsible for succesful outcome of Op
  • Has authority to control all police resources commited to operation
  • Clear chain of command
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20
Q

What is internationally recognised SPAN of control (in direct reports)

A

2 - 7

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21
Q

In terms of CONTINUITY of CaC what must be ensured around replacements

A

Should plan a reserve capability and there must be a process to ensure operations are not disrupted or delayed during the transfer of authroity

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22
Q

What must occur when controllers and commanders are DELEGATED responsibility for their parts of an operation

A

At all levels Controllers and Commanders should be given the necessary direction and resources to conduct the task without interference.

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23
Q

What are the OBLIGATIONS of a Controller or Commander (4)

A
  • Community safety
  • health and wellbeing of staff
  • Wider reputation of Police
  • behave lawfully, ethically and professionally
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24
Q

What is an “appreciation”

A

A process for problem solving and decision making

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25
Q

What is the police “appreciation” format?

A

AFCO.

Aim

Factors

Course of Action

Outline Plan

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26
Q

Were is the Aim derived from

How is it written

A

Guidance or intent set from higher control or command level. The commander of the Police response must determine the the Aim.

Generally starts ‘To’ will outline ‘what’ of the operation can include ‘how, when, why or where’.

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27
Q

What factors should always be considered? (14)

A
  1. Ground (terrain and location)
  2. Time and space (changes to scene ie school finishing, peak traffic; tide)
  3. Weather (forecast; winds etc)
  4. Risk (TENR)
  5. Legislation (power to act/arrest)
  6. Budget
  7. Media
  8. Political considerations
  9. Police role (why are we here?)
  10. Log
  11. Health and Safety
  12. Intelligence
  13. Community impact assessment (Trust and confidence)
  14. Offenders (most likely course & most dangerous course of action)
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28
Q

What three headings should be in an outline plan?

A

SME

Situation

Mission

Execution

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29
Q

What is an Action plan

A

Refered to in CIMS as an Action plan, also known as an operation order. Details desired outcome, key tasks for management of an incident.

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30
Q

What is the duration of an Action Plan

A

For an operational period defined by the controller

31
Q

When are new action plans developed (3)

A
  • Objectives in original plan acheived
  • Significant situation change where original objectives can’t be met
  • Objectives changed by controller
32
Q

What are the principles of an operation order/action plan?

A

Written, Clear and Simple. Accurate as possible and Capable of Execution

33
Q

What is the format for Op orders?

A
  • Ground
  • Situation
  • Mission
  • Execution
  • Administration and Logistics
  • Command and Signals

GSMEAC

34
Q

How many sentences make up the mission statement?

A

One (and it should start with “To…”)

35
Q

Who must be named in command and signals?

A

Controller and 2IC

36
Q

How must operation orders be presented?

A

In a formal Orders Group by the Controller

37
Q

How must orders be given?

A

Directly to the person receiving them

38
Q

How should questions be handled?

A

In an allotted question time, specifically from each recipient (no general q’s)

39
Q

What is the NCCC and MOC.

A

National Command and Control Centre and Major Operations Centre. take responsibility for coordinating all significant or national and international operations

NCCC 24/7

MOC activated depending on level of support required

40
Q

What is RIOD for.

A

Real time Intelligence for Operational Deployment emergency management system. The ‘single source of truth’

Used to provide common platform linking Intel, Ops and deployment to enable Police to be well informed, well planned and well directed

41
Q

What is CIMS

A

Coordinated Incident Management System

42
Q

For CIMS. What is an incident

A

Occurance that needs a response from one or more agencies. Most are emergencies, though also used to manage incidents such as large public gatherings

43
Q

What is the purpose of CIMS (2)

A
  • Establishing common structures, functions, terminology within framework that is flexible, modular and scaleable so it can be tailored to circumstances of incident
  • Enable agencies to develop own processes, procedures and training for executionof CIMS
44
Q

For CIMS what is the definition of an Emergency

A

Situation posing immediate risk to life, health, property or the environment that requires coordinated response

45
Q

What are the components of emergency management (4Rs)

A

4Rs

Risk Reduction (measures such as health promotion, bulding code etc)

Readiness (Recovery needs to be included in readiness planning)

Response (to manage consequences of hazards, support affected communities, establish basis for recovery)

Recovery

46
Q

What are some common response objectives (10)

A

Preserve life

prevent escalation of the emergency

maintain law and order

Care for sick, injured and dependant

Provide essential services

Preserve governance

Protect assets, including buildings and their contents

Protect natural and physical resources

provide animal welfare

preserve economic and social acticity

47
Q

What are the CIMS principles (3)

A
  1. Responsive to Community needs. recognise rights of individual, treat with fariness and dignity. Communities to actively participate rather than wait for assistance
  2. Flexibility. modular and scaleable. Adaptable to any situation
  3. Unity of effort. Common objectives. Allows organisations with specific mandates to support each other while maintaining their own authorities.
48
Q

What are CIMS Characteristics (5)

A
  1. Common structures, roles and responsibilities
  2. Common terminology
  3. Interoperability
  4. Management by objectives
  5. Engaging Iwi
49
Q

How does CIMS benefit by engagement with Maori in response and recovery (6)

A
  • strong networks
  • access to community focal points (marae)
  • ability to mobilise resources appropriatley
  • understandingof tikanga (marae protocol, burial practices)
  • able to identify and assess iwi needs
  • an ability to link with other cultures
50
Q

What should engagement with Maori in response and recovery be based on (3)

A
  • Partnership built on mutual respectand shared values. Follows treaty principles of participation, protection and partnership
  • recognise capability of Maori to support response and recovery
  • Collaberation with Maori and emergency mangement during and after event across all 4 R’s
51
Q

What is the lead agency

A

Agency with mandate to manage response through legislation, under protocols, by agreement. Establishes control to coordinate response of all involved agencies.

May change between each of the 4R’s phases

52
Q

What happens when Lead agency can’t be readily identified

A

Response agencies may adopt joint ‘unified control’

53
Q

What is a support agency

A

Provides support to lead agency. Lead agency tasks and coordinates support agencies resources and actions.

Support agencies may have statutory responsibilities and objective of their own that the lead agency needs to accomodate.

54
Q

What do lead and support agencies have to ensure prior to incidents

A

Lead agency has to ensure plans are in place prior to incidents that they will lead. Support agencies will assist in developing these.

55
Q

What is a fundemental responsibility of lead agencies

A

Integration of support agencies into the response is a fundemental responsibility of lead agencies

56
Q

What are the functions that need to be considered at an incident? (7)

What are their roles

A
  • CONTROL - Coordinates and controls response
  • INTELLIGENCE - Collects and analyses informaiton. Relating to status, hazards and context of incident
  • PLANNING - Response activities and resource needs. develop action plans
    • Develop long term and contingency plans
    • assist with planning transition to recovery
    • convene, conduct planning meetings
    • forecast resource requirements
  • OPERATIONS - Direction, coordination and supervision of response elements. Should include members of other agencies
    • Implementation of Action Plan
    • volunteer coodination
    • liaison with other agencies
  • LOGISTICS - Generally needed before other functions, set up early.
    • Personnel, equipment, supplies, finance, services etc
  • PIM (public information management) - messages for public, media. Liaise with community. May issue warning on direction of Controller
  • WELFARE - managing consequences of incident on individuals, whanau and communities.
57
Q

What do these functions form (collectively)

A

IMT: Incident Managemet Team

58
Q

What other functions can exist with the IMT (4)

A

Response manager

Technical experts

Health and safety advisores

Iwi representaiton

59
Q

What does the decision to scale up or down a CIMS response need to take into consideration (3)

A
  • Safety response personel, public and property
  • Size and Complexity
  • Span of Control
60
Q

Who is forward commander (or incident controller) at a small single agency incident

A

The senior first arriving responding officer. Has responsibility for all CIMS functions Must consider all functions and is likely to asume some himself such as PIM.

61
Q

What should the controller of a single agency response that progresses into a multi agency response do when incident controller changes?

Why would the incident controller change?

A
  1. Detailed handover
  2. May be to a more senior, better qualified official. Or control is handed to another agency
62
Q

What is the Incident Controller of a multi agency response responsible for

A

Overall direction of response activities across all responding agenices

Includes tasking and coordinating other support agencies, who action those tasks within their own command structures

63
Q

Should personnel from other support agencies be included in the ICP

A

Yes to ensure access to their special knowledge and the incorporation of their agencies requirements and resources

64
Q

When is an EOC established

A

Emergancy Operations Centre to coordinate multi-agency or multi incident response between respective ICPs

Activated when:

  • Several incident level responses at different sites
  • Offsite coordination and support required
  • multi agency or multi incident responses
65
Q

What should a local Controller overseeing multiple response sites, each with their own incident controllers, do (6)

A
  1. Define their own command and control relationship with each incident controller
  2. receive detailed briefings from incident controllers
  3. provide coordination between ICP’s
  4. inform ICP’s of resources available
  5. consider allocation of resources accross ICPs and resource elements
  6. ensure Comms and support arrangements are activated and communicated
66
Q

How should changovers of the IMT occur (4)

A
  • Outgoing personnel only leave once replacements briefed
  • Changeovers
    • increase personnel safety and reduce risk
    • do not disturb response operations
    • staggered to ensure continuity of repsonse operations
67
Q

What does S41 National Civil Defence Emergency Management Plan make NZP the agency reponsible for (4)

A

Coordinate inquiries to:

  • assist family, whanau and next of kin make contact with each other
  • Trace missing persons
  • Notify next of kin

Includes identification of people affected and assisting famly members/significant others to make contact

68
Q

What are public encouraged to do in first 72 hours of an emergency

A
  • during first 72 hours all resources can be impacted
  • Use their usual and pre-planned means of contacting family
  • When these means have been exhausted and genuine fears for persons safety to inquire with Police
69
Q

What support agencies can police use to faciltate inquiries (5)

A
  • National Emergency Managment Agency (NEMA), CDEM welfare registration system
  • Min of Education enrolement information to obtain current location of children and families affected by emergency
  • MFAT infromation about foriegn nationals
  • MOH, DHB’s Ambulance (Primary Care). Patient registraion NHI database
  • Red Cross. International tracing facility via RFL (Restoring Family Links)
70
Q

Define Emergency (CDEM Act 2002) (3)

A

Emergency means a situation that-

A. Is the result of any happening, whether natural or otherwise, including, without limitation, any explosion, tsunami, land movement, flood, storm, tornado, cyclone, serious fire, leakage or spillage of any dangerous gas or substance, technological failure, infestation, plague, epidemic, failure of or disruption to an emergency service or a lifeline utility, or actual or imminent attack or warlike act; and -

B. Causes or may cause loss of life or injury or illness or distress or in any way endangers the safety of the public or property in NZ or any part of NZ; and -

C. Cannot be dealt with by emergency services, or otherwise requires a significant and coordinated response under this Act

71
Q

Sections 86 - 93 Civil Defence Emergency Management Act 2002 give Police powers. outline the sections and relevant powers: (8)

A

S86 - Evacuation of premises and places

S87 - Entry onto premises if RGTB to save life OR carry out any urgent measure for the relief of suffering or distress

S88 - Close roads or public place if public emergency in place

S89 - Removal of aircraft, vessels, vehicles etc - if state of emergency is in force

S90 - Requisitioning powers: If SOE in place AND in opinion of IC or constable it is necessary for the preservation of human life - Must give a written statement specifying WHAT

S91 - Power to give directions to stop something contributing to emergency, or take action to prevent or limit emergancy

S92 - Power to carry out inspections, secure, destroy, disnfect, seize thing in order to prevent or limit emergency

S93 - requirement to provide ID if requested and explain authority acting under

72
Q

Who fills role of initial command of incident reported to the Emergency Communications centre

A

Emergency Comms Cenre Shift Commander

73
Q

What must be considered before control is transfered to field units (3)

A
  1. Early stages Comms is usually best equiped to control the response
  2. Highest ranking person is not always the most approrpiate to take control
  3. designated incident controller is not to take over until
  • establish ICP
  • Familiarised with incident, obtained a briefing
  • formulate a response plan
74
Q

What is the standard sequence of information provided by dispatcher once event locaion and type has been determined (6)

A
  1. Summary of incident including weapons
  2. Time delay
  3. Direction of travel
  4. mode of travel
  5. description of offender/vehicles
  6. Additional relevant information (hazards, weapons etc)

S/Sgt CPK Dec 2021 (29 decks)

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