Contributing Factors

Question 1

2. Contributing factors

Answer 1

a. Systemic: things within the body that compromise the immune system

Question 2

i. Diabetes

Answer 2

1. Thickening of vascular walls that prevents PMN migration
2. Accumulation of Advanced Glysolation Products (AGEs)
3. Diabetes as a risk factor for periodontal disease
   a. Increased prevalence and severity of attachment loss
   b. Multiple periodontal abscesses

Question 3

ii. HIV/AIDS

Answer 3

1. CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 in an HIV+ patient
2. Absolute Neutrophil Count
   a. Require antibiotic prophylaxis when ANC <500
3. Platelet Count
   a. No procedures if below 50,000
   b. Normal 150,000 – 450,000

Question 4

iii. Smoking

Answer 4

vasoconstriction causes limited support to tissues
1. Smoking masks BOP by suppressing inflammatory response
2. Impaired wound healing

Question 5

b. Local:

Answer 5

within the mouth; all cause accumulation of biofilm that will harbor bacteria

Question 6

Local Factors

Answer 6

i. Trauma from occlusion
ii. Root proximity
iii. Overhangs – provides another rough spot
iv. Calculus - Rough surface that provides attachment for biofilm, which harbors bacteria and leads to inflammatory response
v. Smoking
vi. Socio economic factors
vii. Other

Question 7

3. Primary periodontal pathogens

Answer 7

a. Aggregatibacter Actinomysetemcomitans (Aa) – facultative anaerobe NOT part of RED complex
i. Aa is more tissue invasive. Reason why we would go straight to surgery instead of SRP. Would need to culture first. Associated with aggressive periodontitis.
b. Porphyromonas Gingivalis (Pg) – red complex
c. Prevotella Intermedia (Pi)
d. Tannerella Forsythia (Tf) – red complex
e. Treponema Denticola (Td)- red complex

Question 8

Non-red complex

Answer 8

a. Aggregatibacter Actinomysetemcomitans (Aa) – facultative anaerobe NOT part of RED complex
i. Aa is more tissue invasive. Reason why we would go straight to surgery instead of SRP. Would need to culture first. Associated with aggressive periodontitis.

Question 9

Red complex

Answer 9

b. Porphyromonas Gingivalis (Pg) – red complex
c. Prevotella Intermedia (Pi)
d. Tannerella Forsythia (Tf) – red complex
e. Treponema Denticola (Td)- red complex