Contrast Echo

Question 1

how many contiguous segments of endocardial border need to be NOT visualized to use contrast?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

does contrast help in avoiding apical foreshortening?

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

does contrast help in locating optimal post-exercise images?

Answer 3

yes

Question 4

if you see contrast swirling, what do you do?

Answer 4

decrease Mechanical Index

Question 5

do microbubbles have a linear or nonlinear rsponse to U/S?

Answer 5

nonlinear

Question 6

eq’n fro M.I.

Answer 6

MI = Peak Acoustic Negative Pressure/sq. rt. freq

Question 7

if you see contrast light up LV apex with ATTENUATION of rest of LV, what to do?

Answer 7

transiently inc MI and inject contrast softer and slower

Question 8

what is an optimal range for mechanical index?

Answer 8

.1-.3

Question 9

do PFO’s put patient at increased risk of contrast related adverse events?

Answer 9

no

Question 10

what can contrast help with when looking at lateral wall for ischemia?

Answer 10

differentiate pap muscle vs lateral wall

Question 11

protocol for contrast use in lactating woman?

Answer 11

use it, discard breast milk for short period of time after

Question 12

is inter-reader variability similar /w contrast echo and MRI?

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

what do you do when you see this?

Answer 13

INCREASE M.I., push slower/less

Question 14

Diagnosis?

Answer 14

Apical HOCM (Spade shaped ventricle)