Contraception Flashcards
Types of natural contraception. (4)
Abstinence
Withdrawal method
Fertility awareness methods
Lactational amenorrhoea
Explain how lactation amenorrhoea acts as a form of contraception. (2)
Suckling disrupts GnRH so can prevent the production of LH and FSH and therefore prevent ovulation.
Advantages of natural methods (2)
No hormones
No contraindications.
Disadvantages of natural methods (4)
Unreliable
No STI protection
Sperm is released pre-ejaculate (pull out)
Lots of effort.
Types of barrier method (2)
Male condoms
Diaphragms
Advantages of barrier methods (5)
Widely available No hormones No contraindications Reliable if used right PROTECTS FROM STIs.
Disadvantages of barrier methods (3)
Not romantic
Expire
Latex allergy
Types of oestrogen and progesterone mixed contraception. (3)
Combined pill
Patches
Ring
Advantages of oestrogen and progesterone together contraception. (2)
Prevents ovulation
Reduces risks of ovarian cysts / ovarian cancer / endometrial cancer.
Disadvantages of oestrogen and progesterone together. (6)
No STI protection
Contraindications - BMI, migraine, breast cancer
Increased risk of MI, stroke, breast and endometrial cancer
User failure
Missed pill rules
Side effects - break through, mood swings.
Types of high dose progesterone contraception.
Depot injections
Implant
Advantages of depot (3)
Prevents ovulation
No user failure
Doesn’t contain oestrogen
Advantages of implant (5)
Prevents ovulation No user failure Doesn’t contain oestrogen LARC Fertility returns quickly once removed.
Disadvantages of implant (2)
No STI protection
Minor procedure
Disadvantages of depot (4)
No STI protection
Jabs
Need 12 weekly appointments
24 month delay in fertility returning
Types of low dose progesterone
Mini pill
Advantages of mini pill (3)
Thickens cervical mucus
Quickly reversible
No oestrogen
Disadvantages of mini pill (6)
User dependent Menstrual problems Doesn’t inhibit ovulation Increased risk of ectopic No STI protection Missed pill rules
Types of implantation inhibiting contraception and how they work
IUS - progesterone reduces endometrial proliferation
IUD - copper is toxic to sperm and ovum.
Advantages of coils (2)
LARC
No user dependence
Disadvantages of coils (5)
Insertion and removal pains
Risk of uterine perforation if not antiverted antiflexed
Menstrual irregularity (esp menorrhagia with copper)
No STI protection
Displacement may occur
Types of sterilisation
Vasectomy - Vas Deferens cut to prevent sperm entering ejaculate
Tubal ligation or clipping - Fallopian tubes
Advantages of sterilisation (1)
Permanent
Disadvantages of sterilisation (3)
Permanent
Failure rate
Minor (men) or major (women) operation
