Contraception Flashcards
How long until IUD effective?
Instant
How long until POP effective?
2 days
How long until COCP effective?
7 days
How long until implant effective?
7 days
How long until injection effective?
7 days
How long until IUS effective?
7 days
How effective is COCP if taken correctly?
99%
Risks of COCP?
- Blood clots
- Heart attacks and strokes
- Breast cancer and cervical cancer
Advice on taking COCP?
- If started within first 5 days of cycle then no need for additional contraception. If started at any other point, use condom for 7 days
- Should be taken at same time everyday
- Usually taken for 21 days and stopped for 7 days. However tailored regimes also possible. Options = pill-free interval or tricycling (3x21 packs back to back to back before having a 4 or 7 day break)
- Intercourse during pill-free period only safe if next pack started on time
When may COCP be less effective?
- Vomiting within 2h of taking COCP
- Medications that induce diarrhoea or vomiting e.g. orlistat
- Taking liver-enzyme induce drugs
What drug do condoms need to be used with whilst on COCP?
Rifampicin (enzyme inducing)
3 methods of emergency contraception?
- Levonorgestrel
- Ulipristal
- IUD
Levonorgestrel MOA?
Not fully understood, stops ovulation and inhibits implantation
When should levonorgestrel be taken?
Within 72h of UPSI
Levonorgestrel dose?
1.5mg (should be doubled if BMI >26 or weight over 70kg)
Levonorgestrel mushkies?
- 84% effective if used within 72h of UPSI
- Disturbance of menstrual cycle seen in a minority, vomiting occurs in 1%
- If vomiting occurs within 3h, dose should be repeated
- Can be used more than once in a menstrual cycle if clinically indicated
- Hormonal contraception can be started immediately after
Levonorgestrel brand name?
Levonelle
Ulipristal MOA?
Selective progesterone receptor modulator –> inhibits ovulation
Ulipristal brand name?
EllaOne
Ulipristal when to take and dose?
30mg ASAP, no later than 120h after intercourse
Ulipristal mushkies?
- May reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraception. Contraception with the pill, patch or ring should be started, or restarted, 5 days after having ulipristal. Barrier methods should be used during this period
- Caution exercised in pts with severe asthma
- Can be used more than once in the same cycle
- Breastfeeding should be delayed for one week after taking ulipristal
Most effective method of emergency contraception?
Copper IUD
Emergency IUD mushkies?
- Within 5d of UPSI, if presents after more than 5d than may be fitted up to 5 days after the likely ovulation date
- May inhibit fertilisation or implantation
- Prophylactic Abx may be given if the pt is considered to be at high risk of STI
- 99% effective regardless of where it is used in the cycle
- May be left in-situ to provide long-term contraception, if pt wants IUD to be removed should be kept in until the next period
COCP contraindication guide name?
UKMEC