CONTEXT ON MEMORY EXPERIMENT Flashcards

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1
Q

what type of experiment was this?

A

natural experiment

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2
Q

methodology

A

yr 12 students placed into two groups:

GROUP A: will take the exam room they are usually taught in

GROUP B: will take the exam in a very different room from the one they were taught in

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3
Q

what was this study based off?

A

Abernathy (1940)- found that students performed better in tests if the tests took place in the same room as the learning of the material had taken place and were administered by the same teacher who had taught them information

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4
Q

IV

A

whether the exam was in the same room where learning took place or a different room

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5
Q

DV

A

exam score out of 100

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6
Q

alternative hypothesis

A

exam scores will be significantly higher when the exam is taken in the same room than in a different room to where the learning took place

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7
Q

is the alternative hypothesis directional or non directional?

A

directional

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8
Q

what was the null hypothesis?

A

there will be no significant difference in exam scores if the exam in the same room than in a different room to where the learning took place

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9
Q

sampling method used:

A

opportunity sampling
- after participants had sat the exam, those that were available were asked if they were willing to have their scores used as data in a study

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10
Q

what were the advantages of using opportunity sampling?

A

(+) not time consuming
(+) easiest to use- only option available to us

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11
Q

what were the limitations of opportunity sampling?

A

(-) the sample is restricted because only psychology students were used

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12
Q

what extraneous variable were present?

A
  • Two different teachers taught the students the content they were tested on in the test.
  • Two different teachers marked the tests, to combat any bias that may have occurred, the mark scheme was strictly applied and moderation occurred
  • Situational variables, morning vs afternoon, hotter room vs cooler room, comfy chairs vs uncomfortable chairs, room swaps
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13
Q

procedure

A
  1. Every group were all given the same instructions about completing the exam- eduquas exam instructions:
  2. Participants arrive at the exam venue and enter the room.
  3. Participants take their seats where they will find the exam paper closed on the desk.
  4. Exam conditions are read out by the invigilator/ teacher, then participants were told to begin.
  5. After 2 hours, their papers were collected, and they remained silent
  6. Teachers take in papers and mark and moderate them.
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14
Q

what were the results of the descriptive statistics?

A

measures of central tendency and dispersion:

mean: A= 51.85 B= 50.50

median: A= 54 B= 54.5

range: A= 20 B=46

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15
Q

what inferential test was used?

A

Mann Whitney- U = due to ordinal data and an independent groups design

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16
Q

what probability was applied and why?

A

0.05 is the standard accepted level of probability to apply to psychological research findings

17
Q

what were the OV and CV scores?

A

OV= 40.5

CV=21

Mann Whitney-U = OV<CV

18
Q

did you retain or reject the null hypothesis?

A

retain

as the OV is more than the CV for a one-tailed hypothesis at a 5% level of probability the null hypothesis should be retained as the difference is not significant

19
Q

what ethical issues were present and how were they dealt with?

A

Confidentiality – only the teachers/markers knew the names of the participants, the names private and only scores were revealed to the participants.

Stress and discomfort – there should have been no extra stress than the normal stress the participants may have when sitting an examination and they were unaware that their scores would be used in psychological research