Contemporary Flashcards
Why are QC or PT results not used to evaluate agreement between different methods?
a. The concentrations are different in different samples.
b. The within-peer group SD and CV include calibration variability between laboratories.
c. The peer groups may not have enough participants for reliable statistics.
d. The specimens used are frequently noncommutable with native clinical samples.
Why are QC or PT results not used to evaluate agreement between different methods?
a. The concentrations are different in different samples.
b. The within-peer group SD and CV include calibration variability between laboratories.
c. The peer groups may not have enough participants for reliable statistics.
d. The specimens used are frequently noncommutable with native clinical samples.
- In order to measure complement activation fragments in circulation, the best specimen type is:
a. EDTA plasma
b. Citrate plasma
c. Serum
d. Urine
- In order to measure complement activation fragments in circulation, the best specimen type is:
a. EDTA plasma
b. Citrate plasma
c. Serum
d. Urine
Phase 1 metabolic reactions include which of the following?
a. Acetylation
b. Hydrolysis
c. Glucuronidation
d. Methylation
Phase 1 metabolic reactions include which of the following?
a. Acetylation
b. Hydrolysis
c. Glucuronidation
d. Methylation
What is the biochemical action of α-amylase?
a. Breaks down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids
b. Degrades proteins at the N-terminal end
c. Degrades carbohydrates at the α-1,4 linkage
d. Degrades carbohydrates at the α-1,6 linkage
What is the biochemical action of α-amylase?
a. Breaks down triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids
b. Degrades proteins at the N-terminal end
c. Degrades carbohydrates at the α-1,4 linkage
d. Degrades carbohydrates at the α-1,6 linkage
Which ionization technique is often used for the analysis of intact proteins?
a. MALDI
b. Electron ionization
c. Fast-atom bombardment
d. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Which ionization technique is often used for the analysis of intact proteins?
a. MALDI
b. Electron ionization
c. Fast-atom bombardment
d. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
Which is the preferred method for testing for urine albumin?
a. first morning specimen to test for urine ACR
b. first morning specimen to test for urine albumin
c. random spot urine to test for urine ACR
d. timed urine specimen to test for urine ACR
Which is the preferred method for testing for urine albumin?
a. first morning specimen to test for urine ACR
b. first morning specimen to test for urine albumin
c. random spot urine to test for urine ACR
d. timed urine specimen to test for urine ACR
Which of the following are possible sources of preanalytical variation?
a. season of the year
b. working in the night shift
c. sunlight
d. all of the above
Which of the following are possible sources of preanalytical variation?
a. season of the year
b. working in the night shift
c. sunlight
d. all of the above
The thyroid generates approximately ___% of circulating T4 and ___% of circulating T3.
a. 80%, 20%
b. 100%, 80%
c. 100%, 20%
d. 20%, 20%
e. 80%, 80%
The thyroid generates approximately ___% of circulating T4 and ___% of circulating T3.
a. 80%, 20%
b. 100%, 80%
c. 100%, 20%
d. 20%, 20%
e. 80%, 80%
A patient has the following laboratory results (mmol/ L): Na 141, K 5.4, Cl 106, and HCO3 7. The differential for this acidbase abnormality includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. lactate acidosis
b. diabetic ketoacidosis
c. severe vomiting
d. ethylene glycol ingestion
e. acute renal failure
A patient has the following laboratory results (mmol/ L): Na 141, K 5.4, Cl 106, and HCO3 7. The differential for this acidbase abnormality includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
a. lactate acidosis
b. diabetic ketoacidosis
c. severe vomiting
d. ethylene glycol ingestion
e. acute renal failure
What is an essential property for a matrix-based secondary reference material?
a. commutability with clinical samples
b. adequate volume to be used for several calibrations
c. sufficient quantity to be available for at least 3 years
d. commutability for at least one-half of the commonly used measurement procedures
What is an essential property for a matrix-based secondary reference material?
a. commutability with clinical samples
b. adequate volume to be used for several calibrations
c. sufficient quantity to be available for at least 3 years
d. commutability for at least one-half of the commonly used measurement procedures
Which laboratory test is used most to monitor warfarin therapy?
a. aPTT
b. PT
c. D-dimer
d. Fibrinogen
Which laboratory test is used most to monitor warfarin therapy?
a. aPTT
b. PT
c. D-dimer
d. Fibrinogen
The platelet count may be falsely increased due to which of the following?
a. platelet clumping
b. cryoglobulinemia
c. large platelets
d. low white blood cell count
The platelet count may be falsely increased due to which of the following?
a. platelet clumping
b. cryoglobulinemia
c. large platelets
d. low white blood cell count
What is the effect of eating a vegetarian diet on the concentration of serum creatinine and measured GFR, respectively?
a. lower and higher
b. higher and higher
c. lower and lower
d. no change in either
What is the effect of eating a vegetarian diet on the concentration of serum creatinine and measured GFR, respectively?
a. lower and higher
b. higher and higher
c. lower and lower
d. no change in either
The most cost-efficient, reliable test for H. pylori is:
a. Culture
b. H. pylori PCR
c. H. pylori stool antigen
d. Serum antibody to H. pylori
e. Urea breath test
The most cost-efficient, reliable test for H. pylori is:
a. Culture
b. H. pylori PCR
c. H. pylori stool antigen
d. Serum antibody to H. pylori
e. Urea breath test
Why might it be necessary to adjust QC target values following a reagent lot change?
a. The calibration could be incorrect.
b. The matrix interaction between the QC material and the new reagent could be different than with the old reagent.
c. The method could have changed.
d. The original target value could have been incorrect.
Why might it be necessary to adjust QC target values following a reagent lot change?
a. The calibration could be incorrect.
b. The matrix interaction between the QC material and the new reagent could be different than with the old reagent.
c. The method could have changed.
d. The original target value could have been incorrect.
Which of the following factors can influence analyte stability?
a. temperature
b. buffer composition
c. light exposure
d. time
e. all of the above
Which of the following factors can influence analyte stability?
a. temperature
b. buffer composition
c. light exposure
d. time
e. all of the above
- The synthetic functions of the liver are dependent on all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Number of hepatocytes
b. Blood flow from the portal vein
c. Sufficient absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract
d. Diameter of intrahepatic bile ducts
e. Nutritional status
- The synthetic functions of the liver are dependent on all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Number of hepatocytes
b. Blood flow from the portal vein
c. Sufficient absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract
d. Diameter of intrahepatic bile ducts
e. Nutritional status
A patient is admitted to the hospital with the following laboratory results: AST 280, ALT 95, alkaline phosphatase 85 (all IU/L), total and direct bilirubin 220 and 123 umol/L, respectively, and prothrombin time of 12.0s. The most likely cause of these abnormalities is:
a. Alcoholic hepatitis
b. Acute biliary tract obstruction
c. Acute viral hepatitis
d. Cirrhosis
e. Toxic or ischemic hepatitis
A patient is admitted to the hospital with the following laboratory results: AST 280, ALT 95, alkaline phosphatase 85 (all IU/L), total and direct bilirubin 220 and 123 umol/L, respectively, and prothrombin time of 12.0s. The most likely cause of these abnormalities is:
a. Alcoholic hepatitis
b. Acute biliary tract obstruction
c. Acute viral hepatitis
d. Cirrhosis
e. Toxic or ischemic hepatitis
Prolonged use of the tourniquet can lead to increases in which analyte?
a. calcium
b. digoxin
c. phosphate
d. triglycerides
Prolonged use of the tourniquet can lead to increases in which analyte?
a. calcium
b. digoxin
c. phosphate
d. triglycerides
Which of the following is considered a biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
a. Gliadin
b. Neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens
c. Nuclear antigens
d. Calprotectin
e. C-reactive protein
Which of the following is considered a biomarker for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
a. Gliadin
b. Neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens
c. Nuclear antigens
d. Calprotectin
e. C-reactive protein
A urine specimen tests positive for bilirubin but negative for urobilinogen. Both tests use a diazoniumbased method. What is the most likely clinical scenario?
a. Obstruction of the common bile duct
b. Cirrhosis
c. Acute viral hepatitis
d. Administration of rifampin
A urine specimen tests positive for bilirubin but negative for urobilinogen. Both tests use a diazoniumbased method. What is the most likely clinical scenario?
a. Obstruction of the common bile duct
b. Cirrhosis
c. Acute viral hepatitis
d. Administration of rifampin
Which of the following statements is false?
a. The retention factor is related to the retention time of a compound.
b. The van Deemter equation shows how the retention of a compound changes with linear velocity.
c. The resolution between two peaks will increase with their degree of retention.
d. The retention factor is affected by the amount of stationary phase in the column.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. The retention factor is related to the retention time of a compound.
b. The van Deemter equation shows how the retention of a compound changes with linear velocity.
c. The resolution between two peaks will increase with their degree of retention.
d. The retention factor is affected by the amount of stationary phase in the column.
What is the primary mechanism that regulates prolactin secretion?
a. stimulation by prolactin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus
b. cleavage of macroprolactin from the anterior pituitary
c. heterodimerization of prolactin with dopamine from the anterior pituitary
d. suppression by dopamine from the hypothalamus
What is the primary mechanism that regulates prolactin secretion?
a. stimulation by prolactin releasing hormone from the hypothalamus
b. cleavage of macroprolactin from the anterior pituitary
c. heterodimerization of prolactin with dopamine from the anterior pituitary
d. suppression by dopamine from the hypothalamus
What is the relationship between turbidimetric and nephelometric measurements?
a. Nephelometry is the inverse of turbidimetry.
b. Turbidimetry is more sensitive.
c. Nephelometry can be measured with a conventional spectrophotometer.
d. Both measure light scatter.
What is the relationship between turbidimetric and nephelometric measurements?
a. Nephelometry is the inverse of turbidimetry.
b. Turbidimetry is more sensitive.
c. Nephelometry can be measured with a conventional spectrophotometer.
d. Both measure light scatter.