Conrtemp Test 2 Part 2 Flashcards
What is one reason for the disparity of wealth in the world
Unequal distribution of natural resources around the world
Why is it not enough to possess natural resources
The state must control them and be able to develop them
Factors on why some countries don’t get rich
-Developing resources is too costly and the necessary are unavailable
-Resources are being developed by foreign companies which take all the profit
-Being too dependant on resources makes some countries at mercy of international market fluctuations
How to benefit from globalization
-solid economy
-Good governance
-Effective social policies
-International influence
solid economy:
diversified industries, capital to b invested and good market
-Good governance:
open and democratic countries obtain best economic results
Effective social policies
educated and healthy population eith a reasonable standard of living tends to be more productive, creative and capable of adapting to change
International Influence
International trade and finance regulations benefit wealthy and powerful countries, since they are the ones that draw them up
Colonization
Occupation and economic, political or social exploitation of a territory by a Foreign State
When did decolonization start
at end of world war 2, many colonies had won their independence
What did former colonial powers not hesitate in doing
support governments favourable to them, even dictatorship, and to depose uncooperative regimes
Neocolonialism
the direct political and military control gave way to more subtle financial and commercial control
Forms of International aid
-Financial support
-material support
-sharing of technology
-training and education
-participating in construction of infrastructures
-Expert advice
What are some international organizations from the United Nations System that develops aid programs for developing countries
-World food programme
-the United Nations development programme -
-United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Some programs that are designed to assist less developed countries
-Financial donations
-debt relief
-low-interest loans
Who are in the best position to implement social measures essential for development in their country
Government
Social policies
Redistribution
-regulation
-capacity building
-Protection of human dignity
Redistribution
Measures taken to reduce disparity in the distribution of wealth btween individuals, EX: income tax, nationalization or resources or industries
Regulation
To defend the weak and prevent abuse, States can control various activities thru appropriate regulations, EX: labour laws on fair working conditions or unionization of employees
Capacity building
Certain States aim at creating more equal opportunites for individuals in an effort to make each one capable of taking charge of their own life, EX: accessible health, education
Protection of human dignity
States are also in position to protect the dignity of citizens by taking action to defend and promote human rights, EX: adopting a charter of rights and freedoms or public awareness campaings on certain issues like gender equality
What are Micro credit insitutions an example of
An economic measure that can lead to social progress
Example of a MicroCredit
Bank for the poor Grameen Bank
What do Microcredit Instituions do
Lend small amounts to the poor, amounts are generally sufficiant to start small businesses
