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Foundations II > Connective tissue histology > Flashcards

Connective tissue histology Flashcards

1
Q

Composition of basal lamina/basement membrane

A

a specialized ECM made of collagen, laminin, other glycoproteins

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2
Q
A

macrophages

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3
Q
A

fibroblasts

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4
Q

Elastic fibers structure and function

A
  • made of elastin and microfibrils (made of fibrillin)
  • random coiling of elastin molecules gives elasticity
  • elastin is secreted from fibroblasts as an amorphous monomer tropoelastin which is then crosslinked extracellularly into fibers
  • in the absence of fibrillin, elastin would assemble into sheets not fibers
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5
Q
A

adipocyte

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6
Q

Adipose tissue function

A

energy storage, insulation, protection

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7
Q

General purpose of connective tissue

A

Support for other types of tissues

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8
Q

Oil red O stain

A

For fat/lipid (H&E doesn’t stain)

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9
Q

Collagen structure and function

A
  • most common ECM fibrous protein
  • resists forces
  • 3 chains wrapped in a helix (requires vitamin C) and crosslinked for extra tensile strength
  • released from cells as procollagen and processed extracellularly
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10
Q

adipocytes

A

fat storage

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11
Q

Composition of reticular connective tissue

A
  • branched, interconnecting network of very fine collagen (III) fibers
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12
Q
A

Loose connective tissue

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13
Q

Adipose tissue composition

A

adipocytes

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14
Q

Where is connective tissue derived from embryologically?

A

Mesoderm

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15
Q

What is the function of loose connective tissue

A
  • “packing material”
  • nutrient source for epithelium
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16
Q

Dense irregular connective tissue

A
  • impact resistant against multidirectional forces
  • found in joint capsules, under skin (dermis), and fascia
17
Q
A

Mast cells

18
Q

H&E stain

A
  • eosin stains acidophiles (it is anionic/acidic)
  • hemotoxylin stains basophiles (it is cationic/basic)
  • stains nuclei darker and cytoplasm pink
19
Q
A

reticular fibers

20
Q
A

other WBCs: neutrophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils

21
Q
A

Dense regular connective tissue

22
Q

Ground substance

A
  • Gel like susbstance rich in GAGs (negatively charged, repeating, unbranched disaccharides that bind water)
  • mechanical support, hydrates tissue, regulates cell migration and reaction to environment
  • also contains proteoglycans (GAGs attached to linear core protein) and multiadhesive glycoproteins that have binding sites for components of connective tissues and basal cell membranes of epithelia (leading to stabilization)
23
Q

Composition of dense connective tissue

A

woven collagen fibers in a matrix with elastin (irregular) or parallel collagen fibers (regular)

24
Q

Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts

A
  • structural support (primary workhorses)
  • wound healing
25
Q

Middle layer

A

Loose connective tissue

26
Q

Defining features of connective tissue

A
  • cells separated by/surrounded by an ECM (type of ECM defines type of tissue)
  • serves functional role of support, nutrient/gas exchange, fat storage, defense/protection, and healing/remodeling
27
Q

Components of ECM

A

collagen fibers, elastin fibers, ground substance

28
Q

Functions of basal lamina/basement membrane

A
  • separates epithelial cells from and anchors them to underlying connective tissue
  • can act as a filter
  • can play a role in cell-cell communication
29
Q

ECM function

A

structural and biochemical/nutritional support for other tissues

30
Q

Mast cells

A
  • defense (recognize pathogens and release immune mediators)
  • healing and remodeling
31
Q
A

Dense irregular connective tissue

32
Q

Cells of connective tissue

A
  • fibroblasts/myofibroblasts
  • macrophages
  • mast cells
  • plasma cells, lymphocytes, eosinophils
  • adipocytes
33
Q

Composition of loose connective tissue

A
  • many cell types
  • few fibers (elastic/collagen)
  • high fat content
  • high amount of ground substance
34
Q

Dense regular connective tissue

A
  • resistant to tension forces (lengthening)
  • found in tendons/ligaments
35
Q

Where is loose connective tissue found?

A
  • Superficial fascia under the skin
  • colonic submucosa
36
Q

Macrophages

A
  • structural support
  • healing and remodeling
  • phagocytic and involved in immune response
37
Q

Reticular connective tissue function and location

A
  • supportive tissue
  • meshwork; allows cells to pass through
  • found in lymphatic tissues (except thymus) and hematopoietic tissues
38
Q

Collagen types

A

I = most common; bone, skin, tendons, ligaments, cornea

I, II, III, V, and IX are fibrilar (form 10-300nm fibrils)

V and VI in basal lamina

Foundations II (17 decks)

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