body wall

Question 1

innervation of anterior/lateral body wall

Answer 1

• ventral rami of spinal nerves

- includes somatic sensory and somatomotor

Question 2

internal intercostal

Answer 2

• /// \\ orientation

- depress ribs in forced expiration

Question 3

rectus layer of thorax

Answer 3

absent or vestigial!

Question 4

transverse abdominus

Answer 4

• == orientation

- compresses abdominal viscera

Question 5

muscles functionally/developmentally related to the upper limb

Answer 5

• pectoralis major and minor

- serratus anterior

Question 6

why does the typical body segment exist?

Answer 6

each segment embryologically derived from a single somite

Question 7

internal abdominal oblique

Answer 7

• /// \\ orientation

- flex, laterally bend, or rotate trunk to same side

Question 8

transversus = innermost intercostal

Answer 8

== and /// \\ orientation

Question 9

rectus abdominus

Answer 9

• ||| orientation

- flexes trunk

Question 10

intercostal space

Answer 10

• space between ribs containing 3 layers of muscle

- intercostal nerves, arteries, and veins (VAN) run between internal and innermost intercostals

Question 11

external abdominal oblique

Answer 11

• \\ /// orientation

- flex, laterally bend, or rotate trunk to opposite side

Question 12

layers of the body wall

Answer 12

• epidermis (epithelial; from ectoderm)
• dermis (dense, irregular connective tissue; from mesoderm)
• superficial fascia (includes camper’s fascia [loose connective tissue] and scarpa’s fascia [membranous fascia]; from mesoderm)

- skeletal muscle/tendons/bones and deep 
fascia covering (fascia over muscle = epimysium and over bone = periosteum; deepest = endothoracic fascia; from mesoderm)
- celomic lining (simple cuboidal = parietal pleura; simple squamous = parietal peritoneum)

Question 13

components of the typical body segment

Answer 13

• dorsal and ventral rami
• epaxial muscles
• hypaxial muscles
• lateral and anterior cutaneous branches
• anterior/posterior intercostal arteries
• celom
• major blood vessels in dorsal wall of celom
• dorsal mesentary and gut
• innermost, inner, and external intercostals
• inner and external intercostal membranes

Question 14

external intercostal

Answer 14

• \\ /// orientation

- elevate ribs in forced inspiration

Question 15

breast strcutrures

Answer 15

• mammary glands = modified sweat glands in the superficial body wall
• cooper’s ligaments = thickenings of superficial fascia that attach breast to deep fascia
• overlies pectoral muscles
• lactiferous duct => lactiferous sinus

Question 16

abbreviated body wall layers

Answer 16

1. skin
2. superficial fascia
3. intercostals
4. endothoracic fascia
5. parietal pleura