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BDS3 BAMS > connective tissue disease > Flashcards

connective tissue disease Flashcards

1
Q

give 4 examples of autoimmune connective tissue diseases

A

systemic lupus erythmatosis
systemic sclerosis
sjogrens syndrome
undifferentiated connective tissue disease

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2
Q

complement activation causes what?

A

tissue damage

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3
Q

name three categories of vasculitic connective tissue diseases

A

large vessel disease - giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica

medium vessel disease - polyarteritis nodosa, Kawasaki disease

small vessel disease- wegeners granulomatosis

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4
Q

give an example of small vessel connective tissue disease

A

wegeners granulomatosis

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5
Q

give an example of medium vessel vasculitic connective tissue disease

A

polyarteritis nodosa
kawasaki disease

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6
Q

give an example of large vessel vasculitic connective tissue disease

A

giant cell arteritis
polymyalgia rheumatica

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7
Q

what is fibromyalgia?

A

non-specific collection of musculoskeletal symptoms
symptoms but no evidence of active disease
joint pain, muscle pain and functional disorders

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8
Q

what is fibromyalgia?

A

non-specific collection of musculoskeletal symptoms
symptoms but no evidence of active disease
joint pain, muscle pain and functional disorders

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9
Q

where is most affected by Wegener’s granulomatosis?

A

renal and respiratory tract

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10
Q

what are the effects of Wegeners granulomatosis?

A

inflammatory - destruction of hard and soft tissues of face and oral cavity
spongy red tissue

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11
Q

what age group is most affected by Kawasaki disease?

A

children

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12
Q

what is the clinical presentation of Kawasaki disease?

A

fever
lymphadenopathy
crusty tongue and lips
strawberry tongue and erythematous mucosa
peeling rash on hands and feet

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13
Q

which connective tissue disease is associated with coronary vessel aneurysms?

A

Kawasaki disease

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14
Q

what age group is affected by polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

elderly - most 60-70

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15
Q

what are the symptoms and signs of poly myalgia rheumatica?

A

pain and morning stiffness of muscles

malaise, weight loss, profound fatigue

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16
Q

what treatment does polymyalgia rheumatica respond well to?

A

steroids

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17
Q

how do you treat connective tissue disease?

A

management is general

analgesic NSAIDS for joint and muscle pain

immune modulating - hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate

systemic steroids e.g. prednisolone

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18
Q

what are the two groups of connective tissue disease?

A

autoimmune diseases
vasculitic diseases

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19
Q

what indicates the category and direction autoimmune disease will follow?

A

pattern of antibodies present in blood

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20
Q

what diseases are associated with lupus?

A

inflammatory organ disease
rheumatoid athiritis
mixed connective tissue dusease
sjogrens syndrome
sclerodoma
raynauds phenomenon

21
Q

what antibodies are associated with autoimmune connective tissue diseases?

A

anti-nuclear antibody ANA
anti double strand DNA dsDNA
anti-ro antibody Ro
anti-La antibody La

22
Q

what are the two forms of systemic lupus erythematosis?

A

discoid lupus - without blood antibodies
systemic lupus - with blood antibodies

23
Q

how can discoid lupus present for dentist?

A

seen in skin and mouth - looks similar to lichen planus

24
Q

what systems are involved in systemic lupus erythematosis?

A

multi-system
joints, skin, muscle, blood, kidney, CV, RS and CNS
kidney involvement is major cause if death

25
Q

who is at higher risk of systemic lupus erythematosis?

A

twins
women of childbearing age

26
Q

what is a photosensitive butterfly zygomatic rash associated with?

A

systemic lupus erythematosis

27
Q

how does SLE affect dentistry?

A

chronic anaemia - oral ulceration and GA risk
bleeding tendency
renal disease - impaired drug metabolism

28
Q

what marker is found in the blood of an anti phospholipid antibody syndrome patient?

A

lupus anticoagulant - only shows anticoagulant properties in test tube not in body

29
Q

what is characteristic of anti phospholipid antibody syndrome?

A

deep vein thrombosis
pulmonary embolism

30
Q

what is prescribed for anti phospholipid antibody syndrome patients need?

A

anticoagulants

31
Q

what autoantibodies are associated with Sjogrens syndrome?

A

anti nuclear antibody
anti Ro and Anti La

32
Q

how does a patient with sjogrens syndrome present?

A

dry eyes
dry mouth/xerostomia due to major salivary gland involvement

33
Q

what are the three groups of sjogrens?

A

sicca syndrome
primary sjogrens
secondary sjogrens

34
Q

what is sicca syndrome?

A

group of sjogrens syndrome causing dry eyes or dry mouth only

35
Q

what is primary sjogrens syndrome?

A

sjogrens not associated with any other disease

36
Q

what is secondary sjogrens syndrome?

A

sjogrens associated with another connective tissue disease e.g. RA, SLE

37
Q

how does sjogrens compromise oral health?

A

oral infection risk
caries risk
sialosis - swelling of salivary glands
salivary lymphoma

38
Q

what causes systemic sclerosis?

A

excessive collagen deposition
connective tissue fibrosis
loss of elastic tissue as replaced by connective tissue

39
Q

what antibody is associated with local systemic sclerosis?

A

anticentromere antibody

40
Q

what antibody is associated with generalised systemic sclerosis?

A

anti scl-70 antibodies

41
Q

what ability is lost with systemic sclerosis?

A

stretching and bending
affects outside e.g. hands and inside e.g. oesophagus

42
Q

what is one key feature of systemic sclerosis?

A

Raynouds

43
Q

how does systemic sclerosis pose challenges in dentistry?

A

affects perioral tissues, tissues do not stretch - limited mouth opening, poor oral access and limited tongue movement
dysphasia and acid reflux - erosion
plan treatment 10-15 years ahead !

44
Q

what is vasculitis?

A

inflammation of blood vessels causing infarction of tissue as lumen is narrower

45
Q

how may vasculitis present orally?

A

ulcers
oral inflammatory masses

46
Q

giant cell arteritis is known as temporal arteritis, why?

A

temporal artery is involved

47
Q

how can giant cell arteritis present?

A

head ache and facial pain

48
Q

what arteries affected by giant cell arteritis?

A

external carotid artery branches - commonly temporal
central retinal artery can occlude and cause blindness

BDS3 BAMS (11 decks)

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