Connective Tissue and Joint Diseases Flashcards
What is the most common connective tissue disease in children?
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
What are 5 key features of systemic JIA?
fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
What type of JIA is associated with chronic uveitis?
oligoarticular
How may joints are involved polyarticular JIA?
Greater than 5 joints
What is the most common form of JIA?
oligoarticular
First line medication in treating JIA?
NSAIDS
second line of medications in treating JIA?
DMARDS (methotrexate)
What is the main fact in determining outcome of SLE in children?
presence of nephritis
What is seen on muscle biopsy in juvenile dermatomyositis?
vasculitis and chronic inflammation
What soft tissue complications are seen in juvenile dermatomyositis?
calcification and lipodystrophy
Is juvenile dermatomyositis associated with malignancy?
No
What are the 5 major Jones criteria for diagnosis of rheumatic fever?
J: joints - polyarthritis
♡: carditis
N: nodules - subcutaneous
E: erythema marginatum
S: sydenham’s chorea
Most common cause of septic arthritis in children?
Staph aureus
Most common cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adolescents?
gonococcal disease
Which lab is positive in the majority of children with oligoarthritis?
ANA
When is the typical onset of systemic JIA?
1 - 5 years old
Which lab is positive in enthesitis-related JIA?
HLA-B27
Which type of JIA is severe with deforming features including swan-neck and boutonniere deformities?
Polyarthritis RF (+)
What is the hallmark feature of psoriatic arthritis?
dactylitis (sausage digits)
What life-threatening complication can be seen in systemic JIA?
macrophage activation syndrome
How much elbow flexion is needed to preform ADLs
at least 80 degrees
Which joint is most commonly affected in JIA?
knee
What should be suspected in a adolescent male with ankle arthritis?
Juvenile spondyloarthritis
Involvement of which structure is rare early in juvenile spondyloarthrits?
spine
What are the 3 most common sites for enthesitis in juvenile spondyloarthritis?
plantar fascia metatarsal insertion, achilles tendon calcaneal insertion, and patellar insertion at quadriceps
What can be used to detect early sacroiliitis in a patient with a benign exam?
MRI
What is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD?
peripheral arthritis
Which joint is most commonly involved in Crohn’s disease?
SI
How does uveitis present?
eye pain, blurring, photophobia, and headache
How does an infant with septic arthritis of the hip position the limb? Why?
Hip is in abduction, flexion, and external rotation to maximize joint capsule volume
What should be suspected in a child with recurrent afebrile knee swelling?
Lyme disease
