Connective Tissue and Joint Diseases

Question 1

What is the most common connective tissue disease in children?

Answer 1

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Question 2

What are 5 key features of systemic JIA?

Answer 2

fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly

Question 3

What type of JIA is associated with chronic uveitis?

Answer 3

oligoarticular

Question 4

How may joints are involved polyarticular JIA?

Answer 4

Greater than 5 joints

Question 5

What is the most common form of JIA?

Answer 5

oligoarticular

Question 6

First line medication in treating JIA?

Answer 6

NSAIDS

Question 7

second line of medications in treating JIA?

Answer 7

DMARDS (methotrexate)

Question 8

What is the main fact in determining outcome of SLE in children?

Answer 8

presence of nephritis

Question 9

What is seen on muscle biopsy in juvenile dermatomyositis?

Answer 9

vasculitis and chronic inflammation

Question 10

What soft tissue complications are seen in juvenile dermatomyositis?

Answer 10

calcification and lipodystrophy

Question 11

Is juvenile dermatomyositis associated with malignancy?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What are the 5 major Jones criteria for diagnosis of rheumatic fever?

Answer 12

J: joints - polyarthritis
♡: carditis
N: nodules - subcutaneous
E: erythema marginatum
S: sydenham’s chorea

Question 13

Most common cause of septic arthritis in children?

Answer 13

Staph aureus

Question 14

Most common cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adolescents?

Answer 14

gonococcal disease

Question 15

Which lab is positive in the majority of children with oligoarthritis?

Answer 15

ANA

Question 16

When is the typical onset of systemic JIA?

Answer 16

1 - 5 years old

Question 17

Which lab is positive in enthesitis-related JIA?

Answer 17

HLA-B27

Question 18

Which type of JIA is severe with deforming features including swan-neck and boutonniere deformities?

Answer 18

Polyarthritis RF (+)

Question 19

What is the hallmark feature of psoriatic arthritis?

Answer 19

dactylitis (sausage digits)

Question 20

What life-threatening complication can be seen in systemic JIA?

Answer 20

macrophage activation syndrome

Question 21

How much elbow flexion is needed to preform ADLs

Answer 21

at least 80 degrees

Question 22

Which joint is most commonly affected in JIA?

Answer 22

knee

Question 23

What should be suspected in a adolescent male with ankle arthritis?

Answer 23

Juvenile spondyloarthritis

Question 24

Involvement of which structure is rare early in juvenile spondyloarthrits?

Answer 24

spine

Question 25

What are the 3 most common sites for enthesitis in juvenile spondyloarthritis?

Answer 25

plantar fascia metatarsal insertion, achilles tendon calcaneal insertion, and patellar insertion at quadriceps

Question 26

What can be used to detect early sacroiliitis in a patient with a benign exam?

Answer 26

MRI

Question 27

What is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of IBD?

Answer 27

peripheral arthritis

Question 28

Which joint is most commonly involved in Crohn’s disease?

Answer 28

SI

Question 29

How does uveitis present?

Answer 29

eye pain, blurring, photophobia, and headache

Question 30

How does an infant with septic arthritis of the hip position the limb? Why?

Answer 30

Hip is in abduction, flexion, and external rotation to maximize joint capsule volume

Question 31

What should be suspected in a child with recurrent afebrile knee swelling?

Answer 31

Lyme disease