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PRM Board Exam > Chronic Pain > Flashcards

Chronic Pain Flashcards

1
Q

How is juvenile fibromyalgia characterized?

A

persistent widespread msk pain, fatigue, and non restorative sleep

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2
Q

What somatic symptoms often accompany juvenile fibromyalgia?

A

IBS, headaches, dysautonomia

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3
Q

What medications can be helpful for juvenile fibromyalgia?

A

low-dose tramadol, amitriptyline, and stimulants

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4
Q

How long do symptoms need to be present for a diagnosis of fibromyalgia?

A

3 months

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5
Q

Which type of CRPS is associated with peripheral nerve injury?

A

II

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6
Q

What is the cornerstone of effective treatment for CRPS?

A

Gradual progression in functional restoration from sensation activation to ROM to weight loading

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7
Q

What are two types of therapy that can be helpful for CRPS?

A

desensitization, mirror

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8
Q

What is the most common type of primary pediatric headache?

A

tension

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9
Q

What are two key features of pediatric abdominal migraines?

A

intermittent nature, strong family history of migraine headaches

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10
Q

What are three medications that can be helpful for functional abdominal pain?

A

SSRIs, TCAs, Cyproheptadine

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11
Q

What are the Beighton score cutoff points for diagnosis of hypermobile EDS?

A

at least 5 for pubertal and at least 6 for pre-pubertal

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12
Q

What medication has been shown to reduce joint pain in hypermobility spectrum disorders?

A

low-dose naltrexone

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13
Q

How do trigger points look under US?

A

focal ellipsoidal hypoechoic areas

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14
Q

What is the hallmark of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome?

A

sustained tachycardia with position change without hypotension with frequent pre syncopal episodes

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15
Q

What are 3 psychological findings associated with POTS?

A

depression, anxiety, pain catastrophizing

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16
Q

What are two medications used to treat POTS?

A

fludrocortisone and midodrine

17
Q

What are the most frequent locations of noncrisis pain in SCD?

A

lower extremity long bones, low back

18
Q

What are the most frequent locations for crises related pain in SCD?

A

head, neck, and chest

19
Q

What is dysfunctional in a child with functional somatic symptoms?

A

stress regulation

20
Q

What are the best types of interventions for children with functional somatic symptoms and inhibitory patterns of attachment?

A

getting child to focus on their own needs

21
Q

What are the best types of interventions for children with functional somatic symptoms who utilize coercive strategies?

A

Focus on self-efficacy

22
Q

Do symptoms resolve before or after restoring function when treating functional somatic symptoms disorders?

A

symptoms of pain, fatigue, and nausea are typically the last to improve long after function is restored

23
Q

What 4 factors are related to poor outcomes in treatment of chronic pain?

A

female, high fear of pain, depression, anxiety

24
Q

What is one of the first goals in treating chronic pain?

A

improving sleep

25
Q

In the setting of chronic pain, do higher levels of parental distress result in poorer child functioning?

A

yes

26
Q

What type of exercise is helpful for juvenile fibromyalgia?

A

aerobic

27
Q

Dysfunction to what area of the brain does research suggest is involved in FND?

A

premotor

28
Q

What are 4 inputs to the premotor area of the brain?

A

emotions, attention, belief, and introceptions

29
Q

What are two ways to characterize symptoms in FND?

A

variable and distractible

30
Q

What is a positive Hoover’s test?

A

involuntary hip extension of the weak leg with voluntary hip flexion of the strong leg against resistance

31
Q

Three pillars of treatment of functional weakness?

A

education (explain diagnosis), movement retraining (PT/OT), self-management (psychotherapy

32
Q

What is alexithymia?

A

inability to identify emotions experienced by self and others (seen in FND)

33
Q

At what age does FND usually start to present?

A

school-age

PRM Board Exam (17 decks)

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