Connective Tissue Flashcards
What do fibroblasts synthesize?
collagens, elastin, reticular fibers, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins
What are mesenchymal stem cells?
these are connective tissue stem cells. they are multipotent.
What are chondrocytes?
These produce and maintain cartilage components
what are 3 components of fibrous CT extracellular matrix?
collagens (type I is the most common), elastin (stretchable fibers), reticular fibers (forms supportive meshwork). The difference between elastin fibers and reticular fibers are like a leather belt vs elastic band
What is the basic premise of scurvy?
This is due to vitamin D deficiency, which is a cofactor in cross-linking collagen fibers; weakens CT
What is the basic premise of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?
This has to do with abnormal collagen synthesis leading to weak collagen fibers (multiple forms)
What is Marfan’s syndrome? What gene is mutated? What are the deleterious effects?
This is an autosomal dominant disorder where elastin is weak. There is a mutation in a fibrillin-1 gene. Can cause life-threatening cardiovascular anomalies (this is because the great . Pt’s tend to be tall with long arms and legs
What are the components of the ground matrix?
Ground substance is an amorphous gel-like substance in the extracellular space that contains all components of the extracellular matrix except for fibrous materials such as collagen and elastin. this includes: “PHEG” proteoglycans, hyaluronan, glycoproteins, extracellular proenzymes
“PLEASE GOD ELIMINATE HISTO”
What are some components of the cell-ECM interaction?
Integrin receptors, syndecans, CD44, selectins, dystroglycans, growth factor receptors, and cytokine receptors
What are some important proteoglycans that are linked by hyaluronan?
Chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate, keratan sulfate
What links large proteoglycans together to make massive molecular structure?
hyaluronan
What is a key difference between embryonic and adult CT?
The density of cells; many more mesenchymal stem cells in ECT than in ACT.
What are the components of embryonic CT?
Rich in ECM more than CT cells. However, they do have mesenchymal stem cells (multipotent)
What are you more likely to find in a higher amount within embryonic CT, hyaluronan or a fibrous component?
hyaluronan; not as many collagen or reticular fibers in ECT
What are adult mesenchymal stem cells?
With adult mesenchymal SC, there is some restriction to what they can become. however, they can become fibroblast, smooth/skeletal muscle cells, osteoblasts, chondroblasts, adipocytes. All depends on what signals they get
