Blue Boxes for Joints I and II

Question 1

What groups of people are at risk for femoral neck fractures?

Answer 1

people but especially women >60 y/o bc of osteoporosis and in those who do high impact activities such as race car driving incidents, skiing, trampoline, and equestrian. this occurs when the hip is extended and the force is sent to the hip joint–even from some distance from the joint

Question 2

What can be disrupted in fractures of the femoral neck?

Answer 2

can disrupt blood supply to the head of the femur which is typically supplied by the medial CF artery. ALSO the fractures can cause lateral rotation of the lower limb

Question 3

What occurs if the only remaining artery is the artery to the ligament of the femoral head?

Answer 3

this is not enough for the femoral head and the fragment may undergo aseptic vascular necrosis

Question 4

Osteoarthritis is characterized by erosion of what?

Answer 4

the articular cartilage

Question 5

what is put in during hip replacement?

Answer 5

a metal prosthesis anchored to the persons femur by bone cement replaces the persons femoral head and neck and a plastic socket cemented to the hip replaces the acetabulum

Question 6

what do traumatic dislocations of the hip joint disrupt in children?

also this occurs in fractures of the superior femoral epiphysis

Answer 6

the artery to the head of the femur

results in posttraumatic avascular necrosis of head of the femur

as a result – growth of the epiphysis is retarded

Question 7

in what position are people in when they get an acquired dislocation of the hip joint?

Answer 7

when their hips are flexed, adducted, and medially rotated.

the usual position people are in when they are riding in a car

Question 8

what is the most common type of hip dislocation?

Answer 8

posterior dislocation– can happen when a persons knee strikes the dashboard during a car accident and the femoral head is forced backward THIS WILL SHORTEN AND MEDIALLY ROTATE THE LIMB

Question 9

What neurological injury can take place during a posterior hip dislocation?

Answer 9

injury to the sciatic nerve– this will result in the paralysis of the hamstring muscles distal to the knee supplied by the sciatic nerve as well as sensory nerves over the posterior lateral leg

Question 10

when can anterior hip dislocations occur?

Answer 10

in injuries that force the hip into extension, abduction, and lateral rotation (like catching a ski tip when skiing)