Connective Tissue 2 Flashcards
What is blood?
- Blood is the suspension of cells in a fluid.
- It is transported around the body via the heart.
- Transport vehicle for gases, nutrients, waste products, cells and hormones
What is the fluid component of the blood?
Plasma
3 Cellular Components of the blood.
- RBCs (Erythrocytes)
- WBCs (leucocytes)
- Platelets (Thrombocytes)
Blood is commonly stained by which stains ?
Giemsa and Wright stains.
I’m having an affinity for basic dye, The stain i like is methylene Blue because its makes me deep blue… Who I am?
Basophilia
Use neutral dyes for me, I will be turned salmon pink/ lilac… Who I am?
Neutrophilia
Stain me using Eosin, because I have an affinity for acidic dyes, I will turned pink/red… One thing about i have two names. Name my names.
Eosinophilia
Acidophilia
Azurophilia is having an affinity for acidic dye and stains lysosomes purple. True or False
False
because have an affinity for azure dyes.
Blood cells that contain hemoglobin
Erythrocytes
Blood cells that transport Oxygen and Carbon dioxide and they are immotile
Erythrocytes
What is meant by Haematocrit
Means what part of the blood is made by RBCs .
Fraction of blood (by volume) occupied by erythrocytes
Range of Haematocrit
0.35 - 0.50
Name the blood cells that form parts of the body’s defense and immune system.
Leucocytes
They act mainly in blood tissues and they are in transit or reserve when in blood.
Name this blood cells.
Leucocytes.
WBCs are classified into 2 groups and each group has WBCs that falls under it. Name the 2 groups and list WBCs under them.
- Granulocytes: BEN
Neutrophils, Eosinophils, and Basophils - Mononuclear Leucocytes :
Monocytes and Lymphocytes
Granulocytes have a single nucleus- segmented into lobes and are End cells.
True or false
True
The granulocytes that enter interstitial mucosa is?
Eosinophils
Why Eosinophils enter interstitial mucosa?
Enter tissues in response to specific signals and inflammation
Granulocytes do not enter tissues in any number (just circulate), except which granulocyte?
Eosinophils
- They are nonlobulated nucleus
- Routinely Enter tissues
Name these WBCs.
Mononuclear Leucocytes.
Differentiates between Monocytes and Leucocytes.
Monocytes can mature into macrophages and they can phagocyte the pathogens (highly phagocytic) . Ingest microorganisms and cell debris.
Leucocytes Facilitate and regulate inflammation, Directed toward specific antigens (foreign agents), Provide a targeted response, Capable of proliferation.
They prevent bleeding. Name those WBCs.
Thrombocytes.
Explain how the thrombocytes work.
Bind to and coat damaged vessel walls
Plug/Patch small defects in vessel walls
Help activate blood-clotting cascade. Produce signals to recruit adherence of additional platelets.
Haematopoiesis- Fill in the missing words.
- Production of ———-
- Begins in early intrauterine life ———–
- Then establishes in ————
- Between ————–
- Dominant site from 3 to 7 months gestation
- Then as bone develops, establishes in spaces between ————————
- By birth, enough space for all hematopoiesis
- adulthood, occurs in the ————-
- Mature blood cells
- Yolk sac
- Liver Sinusoid
- Hepatocytes
- Bon Trabeculae
- axial skeleton
Erythropoiesis
- Production of mature ————-
- Begins as a ——————–
- Divide to form ————–
- Develop to form ————— (grey cytoplasm – increasing 5. cytoplasmic haemoglobin)
- No further division
- Orthochromatic erythroblast [OE]
- Final nucleated form
Cytoplasm rich in haemoglobin but still contains ribosomes with continuing haemoglobin synthesis) - Form ——————
- Erythrocytes
- Proerythroblast
- Basophilic Erythroblast
- Polychromatic Erythroblast
- Reticulocytes
What are Reticulocytes?
Immature RBCs (Erythrocytes). Have nuclei having mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and ribosomes. They are released from bone marrow, they are slightly larger than erythrocytes. They continue to secrete haemoglobin. Staining is slightly basophilic because of ribosomes and RNA. They take 48 hours to mature into erythrocytes.
Explain what are Erythrocytes.
Adaptive transportation of CO2 and O2. They have an outer plasma membrane and cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton allows erythrocytes to diffuse easily in capillaries. They have a biconcave shape allows more space for the exchange o gaseous. They enclose the concentrated Haemoglobin. Lifespan 120 days.
Production of mature Granulocytes
Granulopoiesis
Granulopoieses. Fill in the missing words synthesis of the production.
- Starts with ———–
- Develop to ———–
- Develop to form ———–
- Develop to form ————-
- Myoblast
- Promyelocytes
- Myelocytes
- Metamyelocytes
What are metamyelocytes
Are End cells that will develop into Eosinophils, Neutrophils ad Basophils.
Incapable of cell division
Increase indented nucleus
Nuclear segmentation
Name the granulocytes that are found in high proportion, and they are highly motile and they are highly phagocytosis. Nuclear segmentation is still continuing and they have a few days lifespan.
Neutrophils
Their mature basophil has a bilobed nucleus. They are less than 0.5% in leucocytes that circulating. Name this Granulocyte.
Basophils
Explain in detail what are eosinophils.
1-6% of leucocytes in circulating blood
Larger than neutrophils
Most cells have a bilobed nucleus – further segments as cells mature in tissue
Circulate in the blood for approximately 18 hours
Then exit capillaries to enter tissues, where majority (>95%) reside
Survive in tissues for extended periods (8-12 days and longer)
Under normal conditions, tissue-based eosinophils are found in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, mainly the intestine
Maturation of monocytes is known as ?
Monopoiesis
Explain the formation of monocytes.
The monoblast are mature to Promonocytes and the promonocytes they will undergo cell division 2 times to produce 4 mature monocytes every 60 hours.
largest leucocytes are known as?
Monocytes
Monocytes can mature to ?
Macrophages
Thrombopoiesis, fill the missing words.
- Production of mature ————–
- Begins as a ——————
- Develop to form —————
- Fragment to release platelets
- Thrombocytes
- Megakaryoblast
- Megakaryocytes
What are Thrombocytes ?
Small, non-nucleated fragments of cytoplasm
Small, round or oval, biconvex cytoplasmic discs, varying in size
Range from 150 to 500 × 109 /L in circulating blood
Survive 5 to 10 days in circulating blood
Platelets have most organelles as other cells – except nuclei
Describe the production of mature lymphocytes.
Formation of lymphocytes
Begins as a lymphoblast
- Some mature in bone marrow into B cells
- Some mature via the thymus into T cells
- Others differentiate into natural killer cells (NK
cells) in bone marrow
Circulate between various lymphoid tissues and other tissues of the body via blood and lymphatic vessels and they are not end cells. Name this cells.
Lymphocytes
Haaematopoesis
You Love Boys Argh
Erythropoesis
NB, Immotile
Profitable Bussiness Pollute Our Rural Environment
Granulopoesis
MPMM
Eosinophil & Basophil
Bilobed nuclei
Mononuclear
Macrophages and lymphocytes
