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ANAT 261 > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of the dermis?

A

Supports epidermis and binds to hypodermis

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2
Q

What are the two layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary layer
Reticular layer

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3
Q

Describe the tissue in the papillary layer

A

Loose irregular connective tissue (more cells than fibers)

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4
Q

Describe the tissue in the reticular layer?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue (more fibers than cells)

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5
Q

Describe the tissue in the hypodermis.

A

Loose connective tissue with adipocytes

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6
Q

What are adipocytes?

A

Fat cells

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7
Q

What is the structural composition of connective tissue?

A

Extracellular fibers and amorphous ground substance (extracellular matrix)

Also has connective tissue cells

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8
Q

What are the types of connective tissue?

A

Loose connective tissue
Dense connective tissue
Supporting connective tissue (cartilage and bone)
Special properties (hemopoietic-bone marrow)

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9
Q

What are the main cells of the connective tissue?

A

Mesenchymal cell
Fibroblast
Fibrocyte

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10
Q

What kind of chromatin is in mesenchymal cells?

A

Euchromatin (pale chromatin)

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11
Q

What kind of chromatin is in fibroblasts?

A

Euchromatin (pale) and heterochromatin (dark chromatin)

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12
Q

What kind of chromatin is in fibrocytes?

A

Heterochromatin (dark chromatin)

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13
Q

True or false: Cells of connective tissues are directly attached to one another.

A

False

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14
Q

What are the most common connective tissue cells?

A

Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Mast cells
Macrophages
Lymphocytes

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15
Q

The connective tissue matrix is composed of…

A

Ground substance and fibers

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16
Q

What is the ground substance made of?

A

Ordinary connective tissue: Water, glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins

Bone: includes minerals

Blood: includes plasma

17
Q

What are the types of fibers in connective tissue?

A

Collagen
elastic fibers

18
Q

Who produces the matrix in connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts (chondroblasts, osteoblasts)

19
Q

What are the four types of GAGs you can find in connective tissue?

A

Chondroitin SO4 + core protein
Dermatan SO4 + core protein
Heparan SO4 + core protein
Keratan SO4 + core protein

20
Q

How is collagen I synthesized?

A

Nucleus has two alpha 1 genes and one alpha 2 gene
RER:
- Synthesis and clipping of SP of preprocollagen
- Hydroxylation of lysin and proline residues
- Attachment of glucosyl and galactosyl to Hydroxylysyl residues
- Assembly of pro collagen molecules (triple helix)
Golgi
- Packaging and secretion
Extracellular space
- Procollagen peptidases
- Aggregation

From tropocollagen -> microfibril -> collagen fibril -> collagen fiber -> bundle of collagen fiber

ANAT 261 (8 decks)

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