connective tissue Flashcards
function of connective tissue
provide structural and metabolic support to other tissues in the form of protection, transport ,repair and storage
5 main types of connective tissue
- Fibroblasts
- Adipocytes
- Mast cells
- Macrophages
- Plasma cells
what is fibroblasts and role
large flat cells with fibers branching and large nucleus
role-wound healing,
what is adipocytes and role
specialised cells used for fat storage
role- store fat for energy and insulation
what are macrophages and role
develop from monocytes and contain high numbers of lysosomes
role-destroy bacteria and cellular debris through phagocytosis
what are mast cells and there role
develop in bone marrow and differentiate in connective tissue
role-part of the inflammatory and allergic response releasing histamine and heptin , killing bacteria.
what is the extracellular matrix and function
Support cells, bind cells and provide space for blood and fluids
function-mechanical and structural suppport
two types of extracellular matrix
fiber and ground substance
collagen fiber are, and made of
high tensile strength due to being closely packed and ordered, made of collagen proteins which all have different functions
elastic fibers are, Eg
Stretches 1.5x longer without breaking and always returns to its original size and shape
Eg-skin,lungs and bladder
reticular fibers are, function
Connected to the basement membrane part of the stroma
function-Provides a supporting framework of various tissues and organs
two connective tissue propers
loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue
three specialised connective tissue
cartilage, bone, liquid connective tissue
types of loose connective tissue
areolar, adipose reticular
type of dense connective tissue
dense regular, dense irregular, elastic
types of cartilage
hyaline, fibrocartilage , elastic
liquid connective tissue
blood, lymph
areolar tissue
part of the first line of defense, surrounds lymph and blood vessels, nerves and body organs, lamina propria of mucous membrane, dermis of skin
reticular connective tissue and function
only contains reticular fibers and filter blood and lymph
adipose tissue and function
fat cells grouped together and mostly contain adipocytes
function-insulate, energy reserve, protection and support
dense regular connective tissue
fibroblasts arranged in rows between collagen bundles offering strong attachment between structures, can only resist tension in one direction
dense irregular connective tissue
mostly collagen fibers which can resist multidirectional tension
elastic connective tissue
made with elastic fibers and fibroblasts and is able to stretch
how is cartilage produced
avascular chondroblasts secrete into the matrix during cartilage growth
what is hyaline cartilage, function
white glossy cartilage which is located at the end of long bones
function-provide cushioning, provide a smooth joint,supports the respiratory system
what is fibrocartilage, fucntion
combination od dense regular connective tissue and cartilage
function-resist deformation under stress, support and fusion
what is elastic cartilage, function
consists of normal components for hyaline cartilage but contains more elastic fibers
function- helps to maintain shape
classifications of bone tissue
compact or spongy
compact
hard and dense outer portion
spongy
porous and highly vascularised
6 functions of bone tissue
- Support’
- Movement
- Protection
- Mineral storage
- Blood cell formation and energy storage
- Energy metabolism
5 bone classifications
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
long bone, function
longer then it is wide
function-sustain weight and provide levers for muscles
what is a typical long bone comprised of
the shaft(main cylindrical shape)
medullary cavity(hollow part of the bone)
epiphysis- spongy bit at the end
metaphysis which is the part where the shaft and epiphysis join together
short bone
cube shaped bone, spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone
sesamoid bones and examples
develop in tendons as a response to physical stress
Eg patella, pisiform
flat bones and examples
broad surface, which offers protection and wide area for muscle attachment
Eg cranial bone, ribs , scapulae
irregular bones and examples
varied in shape and peculiar forms for the function they play
Eg vertebrae, calcaneus, facial bones
What bones have a external periosteum and internal endosteum aswell as no marrow cavity
short irregular and flat bones
