connective tissue

Question 1

function of connective tissue

Answer 1

provide structural and metabolic support to other tissues in the form of protection, transport ,repair and storage

Question 2

5 main types of connective tissue

Answer 2

• Fibroblasts
• Adipocytes
• Mast cells
• Macrophages
• Plasma cells

Question 3

what is fibroblasts and role

Answer 3

large flat cells with fibers branching and large nucleus
role-wound healing,

Question 4

what is adipocytes and role

Answer 4

specialised cells used for fat storage
role- store fat for energy and insulation

Question 5

what are macrophages and role

Answer 5

develop from monocytes and contain high numbers of lysosomes
role-destroy bacteria and cellular debris through phagocytosis

Question 6

what are mast cells and there role

Answer 6

develop in bone marrow and differentiate in connective tissue
role-part of the inflammatory and allergic response releasing histamine and heptin , killing bacteria.

Question 7

what is the extracellular matrix and function

Answer 7

Support cells, bind cells and provide space for blood and fluids
function-mechanical and structural suppport

Question 8

two types of extracellular matrix

Answer 8

fiber and ground substance

Question 9

collagen fiber are, and made of

Answer 9

high tensile strength due to being closely packed and ordered, made of collagen proteins which all have different functions

Question 10

elastic fibers are, Eg

Answer 10

Stretches 1.5x longer without breaking and always returns to its original size and shape
Eg-skin,lungs and bladder

Question 11

reticular fibers are, function

Answer 11

Connected to the basement membrane part of the stroma
function-Provides a supporting framework of various tissues and organs

Question 12

two connective tissue propers

Answer 12

loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue

Question 13

three specialised connective tissue

Answer 13

cartilage, bone, liquid connective tissue

Question 14

types of loose connective tissue

Answer 14

areolar, adipose reticular

Question 15

type of dense connective tissue

Answer 15

dense regular, dense irregular, elastic

Question 16

types of cartilage

Answer 16

hyaline, fibrocartilage , elastic

Question 17

liquid connective tissue

Answer 17

blood, lymph

Question 18

areolar tissue

Answer 18

part of the first line of defense, surrounds lymph and blood vessels, nerves and body organs, lamina propria of mucous membrane, dermis of skin

Question 19

reticular connective tissue and function

Answer 19

only contains reticular fibers and filter blood and lymph

Question 20

adipose tissue and function

Answer 20

fat cells grouped together and mostly contain adipocytes
function-insulate, energy reserve, protection and support

Question 21

dense regular connective tissue

Answer 21

fibroblasts arranged in rows between collagen bundles offering strong attachment between structures, can only resist tension in one direction

Question 22

dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 22

mostly collagen fibers which can resist multidirectional tension

Question 23

elastic connective tissue

Answer 23

made with elastic fibers and fibroblasts and is able to stretch

Question 24

how is cartilage produced

Answer 24

avascular chondroblasts secrete into the matrix during cartilage growth

Question 25

what is hyaline cartilage, function

Answer 25

white glossy cartilage which is located at the end of long bones
function-provide cushioning, provide a smooth joint,supports the respiratory system

Question 26

what is fibrocartilage, fucntion

Answer 26

combination od dense regular connective tissue and cartilage
function-resist deformation under stress, support and fusion

Question 27

what is elastic cartilage, function

Answer 27

consists of normal components for hyaline cartilage but contains more elastic fibers
function- helps to maintain shape

Question 28

classifications of bone tissue

Answer 28

compact or spongy

Question 29

compact

Answer 29

hard and dense outer portion

Question 30

spongy

Answer 30

porous and highly vascularised

Question 31

6 functions of bone tissue

Answer 31

• Support’
• Movement
• Protection
• Mineral storage
• Blood cell formation and energy storage
• Energy metabolism

Question 32

5 bone classifications

Answer 32

• Long
• Short
• Flat
• Irregular
• Sesamoid

Question 33

long bone, function

Answer 33

longer then it is wide
function-sustain weight and provide levers for muscles

Question 34

what is a typical long bone comprised of

Answer 34

the shaft(main cylindrical shape)
medullary cavity(hollow part of the bone)
epiphysis- spongy bit at the end
metaphysis which is the part where the shaft and epiphysis join together

Question 35

short bone

Answer 35

cube shaped bone, spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone

Question 36

sesamoid bones and examples

Answer 36

develop in tendons as a response to physical stress
Eg patella, pisiform

Question 37

flat bones and examples

Answer 37

broad surface, which offers protection and wide area for muscle attachment
Eg cranial bone, ribs , scapulae

Question 38

irregular bones and examples

Answer 38

varied in shape and peculiar forms for the function they play
Eg vertebrae, calcaneus, facial bones

Question 39

What bones have a external periosteum and internal endosteum aswell as no marrow cavity

Answer 39

short irregular and flat bones