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Anatomy 1001 > cardiovascular system > Flashcards

cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four surfaces of the heart

A

the base
apex
anterior surface
inferior surface

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2
Q

layers of the heart

A

serous layer and the fibrous layer

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3
Q

what is the epicardium

A

visceral layer of the serous pericardium

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4
Q

what is the myocardium

A

95% of the cardiac muscle=muscular part

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5
Q

what is the endocardium

A

thin layer on the myocardium on the inside

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6
Q

what does the superior vena cava receive

A

deoxygenated blood from everything above the diaphragm

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7
Q

what is the fossa ovalis

A

oval shaped depression, which is suspected to be used to bypass the fetal lungs

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8
Q

what valve after the right atrium

A

tricuspid valve

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9
Q

what does the right ventricle do

A

pumps deoxygenated blood the lungs via the pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary arteries

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10
Q

the tricuspid valve is connected to the

A

papillary muscle via the chordae tendineae

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11
Q

where does the left atrium recieve its blood

A

receives oxygenated blood from the four pulmonary veins

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12
Q

what is the valve that closes the left atrium

A

bicuspid valve

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13
Q

features of the left ventricle

A

thickest wall, hardest working chamber

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14
Q

what is the hole and pipe used in fetus to avoid blood going to the lungs and location

A

Foramen ovale- right atrium
ligamentum arteriosum- pulmonary artery to aorta

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15
Q

what are the valves of the heart connected by and what are the individual names

A

fibrous skeleton
left fibrous trigone
right fibrous trigone
conus tendon

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16
Q

what is the SA/sinoatrial node

A

pacemaker

17
Q

what is the atrioventricular/AV node

A

wall of tissue which separates the left and right atria

18
Q

what does the atrioventricular bundle allow

A

conduction from the atria to the venticles

19
Q

what is the right and left bundle branches

A

separates the left and right ventricles of the heart

20
Q

what are the purkinje fibres

A

specialised conductive cells

21
Q

three blood vessels

A

arteries
capillaries
veins

22
Q

what is the union that joins blood vessels

A

anastomose

23
Q

anastomose

A

union that joins blood vessels

24
Q

three types of arteries

A

elastic, muscular, arterioles

25
Q

what do capillaries do

A

connects venules and arterioles

26
Q

what is a continuous endothelium and what do they have+allow

A

most capillaries, have no fenestrae, allow pinocytosis

27
Q

where is fenestrated endothelium located, what does it allow and what do they have

A

located in the small intestine sinusoids of the liver +more
allows extensive molecular exchange with blood
large fenestrae in the walls

28
Q

how does blood return to the heart via the veins

A

uses skeletal muscle contraction to push the blood and valves to avoid back flow

29
Q

what is a medical problem where blood struggles to return through the veins

A

varicose veins

30
Q

parts of the aorta

A

ascending-right,left
arch
descending-thoracic, abdominal

31
Q

subcategories of the arch of aorta

A

left,right-common carotid artery

32
Q

subcategories of the arch of aorta and where they go

A

left,right-common carotid artery=goes to head
subclavian artery=goes under clavical

33
Q

principle veins

A

superior vena cava
inferior vena cava

34
Q

what arteries does the head contain
what’s its overall name

A

internal carotid
vertebral
overall=cerebral arterial circle

35
Q

arteries in the upper limb (5)

A

subclavian, axillary, brachial, radial and ulnar

36
Q

arteries in the lower limb(6)

A

Right and left common iliac
external iliac
femoral
popliteal
anterior and posterior tibial
fibular

37
Q

left and right coronary arteries

A

left-anterior interventricular, circumflex
right-posterior interventricular, marginal

38
Q

coronary veins (4)

A

great
middle
small
anterior cardiac vein

Anatomy 1001 (19 decks)

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