Connective Flashcards
Provide a matrix that supports and physically connects other tissues and cells together to form the organs of the body
Connective tissue
2 main classes of connective tissue proper
- Loose connective tissue
- Dense connective tissue
3 main classes of cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
2 main classes of bone
Compact and spongy bone
Key cell of connective tissue
Fibroblasts
What are the cells of connective tissue
Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
Macrophages and mononuclear phagocyte system
Mast cells
Plasma cells
Leuckocytes
Synthesize and secrete collagen and elastin
Fibroblasts
Specialized cells for storage of triglycerides
Adipocytes
Used for turnover, phagocytosis of dead cells and debris, and antigen presentation to lymphocytes
Macrophages and mononuclear phagocyte system
cells same as macrophages that is located in the liver
kupffer cells
same as macrophages that is located in the central nervous system
microglial cells
filled with basophilic secretory granules that often obscure the central nucleus
mast cells
What are the 6 molecules from secretory granules
heparin
histamine
protease
eosinophil and neutrophil
cytokines
phospholipid
lymphocyte-derived, antibody-producing cells
plasma cells
function in connective tissue only for a few hours or days and then undergo apoptosis
leukocytes
5 cardinal signs of inflammation
redness
heat
swelling
pain
loss of function
composed of collagen reticular elastic
Protein fiber
composition of fiber
collagen
reticular fibers
elastic fibers
ground susbtances
glycoaminoglycans
proteoglycans
multiadhesive glycoproteins
most important and abundant fibers of connective tissue
collagen
Adds soluble galactosine and glucosil sugar
glycosilation
alpha chains subunits of collagen
fibril-forming collagens
network-forming collagens
linking/anchoring collagens
found in delicate connective tissue of many organs, notably in the immune system
reticular fibers
also called elastic lamellae in arteries
elastic fibers
acts as both a lubricant and a barrier to the penetration of invaders
ground substance
the watery, largely unstained extracellular material that is more abundant than fibers in some types of connective tissue proper
ground susbtance
are long polymers of repeating disaccharide units, usually a hexosamine and uronic acid
glycosaminodglycans
best studies proteoglycans
aggrecan
key proteoglycan in all basal laminae
perlecan
consist of a core protein to which are covalently attached various numbers and combinations of the sulfated GAGs
proteoglycans
4 major GAGs
Dermatan sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate
Keratan sulfate
Heparan sulfate
large molecules with branched oligosaccharide chains and
allow adhesion of cells to their substrate
multiadhesive glycoprotein
Water in the ground substance of connective tissue
interstitial fluid
layer beneath the epithelial lining of many organs and filling
the spaces between fibers of muscle and nerve
loose connective tissue
generally works to hold organs, anatomic structures, and
tissues in place
loose connective tissue
a clear predominance of bundled type
I collagen fibers over ground substance
dense connective tissue
protects organs and strengthens them structurally
dense connective tissue
bundles of collagen fibers appear randomly interwoven,
with no definite orientation
dense irregular connective tissue
long, parallel bundles of collagen fibers fill the spaces
between the elongated nuclei of fibrocytes
dense regular connective tissue
great resistance to prolonged or repeated from the same direction
dense regular connective tissue
great resistance to prolonged or repeated stresses from the same direction
dense regular connective tissue
principal component of the fetal umbilical cord, where it is referred to as
Wharton’s jelly
characterized by abundant fibers of type III collagen
reticular connective tissue
most abundant in certain lymphoid organs where the fibers form attachment sites for lymphocytes and other immune cells
reticular connective tissue
