Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards
Diagnosed on first visits to vet as puppies and kittens
congenital heart disease
symptoms of congenital heart disease
many times asymptomatic
animals with congenital heart disease should not be what
bred
five causes of congenital heart disease
genetic
environmental
nutritional
infectious
drug related
failure of the ductus arteriosus to close after birth
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results in blood shunting from systemic _______ to the pulmonary _______
circulation
artery
two things that will happen with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
blood will hyperperfuse the lung
the left side of the heart will become volume overloaded
what is the murmur called that is associated with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
machinery murmur
where is the murmur of Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) heard
over the main pulmonary artery, high on the left base
three ways that Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) is diagnosed
ECG
Radiology
Echo
surgical duct ligation for Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) should be done before what age
2 years
what percentage of dogs with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) will die with 1 year of diagnosis
60%
septal defect where blood will typically shunt from left to right, overloading the right side of the heart
atrial septal defects (ASD)
septal defect where the left side of the heart is usually overloaded and enlarged
ventricular septal defects (VSD)
septal defects will show signs of congestive heart failure before what age
8 weeks of age
how are septal defects diagnosed
radiology
echo
treatment for septal defects is the same as what
congestive heart failure
results from pulmonic valve dysplasia or is malformed
stenotic valves
two locations of stenotic valves
pulmonic and aortic
what do stenotic valves obstruct
right ventricular outflow
right atrium becomes enlarged
at what age do dogs start to show clinical signs of stenotic valves
1 year
five clinical signs of stenotic valves
s________
t________
j________ pulse
left b_______ murmur
_______ side disease
syncope
tiring
jugular pulse
left basal murmur
right side disease
two outcomes for stenotic valves
mild to moderate: normal lives
moderate to severe: sudden death
what kind of breeds normally have subaortic stenosis (SAS)
large breed dogs
thickening of aortic tissue
subaortic stenosis (SAS)
three things produced by subaortic stenosis (SAS)
left ventricular hypertrophy
left atrial hypertrophy
dilation of the aorta
two things that subaortic stenosis (SAS) can result in
______ sided failure
s_______ d_______
left sided failure
sudden death
three clinical signs of subaortic stenosis (SAS)
left i_______ murmur
s________
t________
left injection murmur
syncope
tiring
three ways to diagnosis for subaortic stenosis (SAS)
radiology
ECG
echo
two treatments for subaortic stenosis (SAS)
s_________
p________ for p________
surgery
propranolol for pressure
polygenic, genetically transmitted malformation of the heart
tetralogy of fallot
four components of tetralogy of fallot
p________ s________
s______ v________ s________ d_______
o______ a_______
s________ v_______ h_______
Pulmonic stenosis
Subaortic Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
Overriding Aorta
Secondary Ventricular Hypertrophy
tetralogy of fallot shunts _______ blood from right to left ventricle
deoxygenated
seven clinical signs of tetralogy of fallot
h________
c________
w_______
s_______
s________
f______ to g_____
s_______ d_______
hypoxia
cyanosis
weakness
syncope
seizures
failure to grow
sudden death
diagnosis of tetralogy of fallot
radiology
ECG
treatment for tetralogy of fallot
surgical
what should be limited with tetralogy of fallot
limit exercise and stress
two kinds of drugs that should be avoided for animals with tetralogy of fallot
tranquilizers
sedatives
Tetralogy of Fallot
defect that results in regurg of solid food in weanlings
persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly
what does persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly obstruct
the esophagus
what kind of breeds is persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly common in
large breeds
diagnosis for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly
Barium swallow
treatment for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly
surgery in early life (same as patent ductus arteriosus)
three maintenance tools for persistent right aortic arch/vascular ring anomaly
feed small kibble diet
elevate bowls
antibiotics for pneumonias
