Adrenal Gland Disease

Question 1

two regions of the adrenal gland

Answer 1

medullary (central area)
cortical (outer area)

Question 2

two hormones produced by the medullary area of the adrenal gland

Answer 2

epinephrine
norepinephrine

Question 3

three hormones produced by the cortical area of the adrenal gland

Answer 3

Glucocorticoids
Mineralocorticoids
Androgenic hormones

Question 4

which adrenal hormone:

Promote gluconeogenesis, suppress Inflammation, suppress Immune system , inhibit cartilage growth

Answer 4

glucocorticoid > cortisol

Question 5

which adrenal hormone:

regulates electrolytes

Answer 5

mineralocorticoid > aldosterone

Question 6

disease caused by Low Glucocorticoid and/or Mineralocorticoid

Answer 6

canine hypoadrenocorticism (Addison’s disease)

Question 7

what is Addison’s disease often mistaken for

Answer 7

chronic GI disease

Question 8

what will the Na:K ratio be less than in patients with Addison’s

Answer 8

27:1

Question 9

what test provides a definitive diagnosis for Addison’s and Cushing’s

Answer 9

ACTH Stimulation test

Question 10

what does a positive result for Addison’s show with ACTH stimulation test show

Answer 10

pre and post test cortisol levels will be low and unchanged

Question 11

what does a positive result for Cushing’s show with ACTH stimulation test show

Answer 11

pre and post test cortisol levels will be high

Question 12

what treatment is used for acute crisis management of Addison’s

Answer 12

aggressive isotonic saline fluid therapy

Question 13

two treatments used for chronic managements of Addison’s

Answer 13

supplemental glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy

Question 14

lack of which corticosteroid is life threatening

Answer 14

mineralocorticoid

Question 15

Resulting from excessive production of Cortisol by adrenal cortex

Answer 15

Canine hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing’s syndrome)

Question 16

three causes of Cushing’s

excess production of _____ by the _____ gland

functional _____ of the ______ _____

______ cause from chronic ______ use

Answer 16

excess production of ACTH by the pituitary gland

functional tumor of the adrenal cortex

iatrogenic cause from chronic prednisone use

Question 17

what age dogs does Cushing’s usually effect

Answer 17

older dogs

Question 18

four significant clinical signs of Cushing’s

p______
s______ a______
a______ and p______
c________ c_______

Answer 18

PU/PD
saggy abdomen
alopecia and pruritis
calcinosis cutis (plaques with a gritty rough surface which may be quite itchy)

Question 19

additional test to confirm Cushing’s vs adrenal tumor

Answer 19

Low Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test

Question 20

Cushing’s is a _____ disease, that requires _____ ______ therapy, is ______ and has a _____ life expectancy

Answer 20

serious
life long
expensive
short (1.5 to 2.5 years)