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Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 > Cardiac Arrhythmias > Flashcards

Cardiac Arrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Deviation from the normal heart rate or rhythm or rhythms originating from abnormal location

A

cardiac arrhythmias

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2
Q

arrhythmias originate from what two abnormalities within cardiac muscle fibers

A

abnormal impulse formation
abnormal impulse conduction

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3
Q

reasons why altered impulse formation occur

i_______
h__________
c__________
h__________
excess c_________
r________ i_________

A

ischemia
hypocalcemia
cardiomyopathy
hypercalcemia
excess catecholamines
reperfusion injury

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4
Q

conduction disturbances occur when _______ _______ develop for __________ of cardiac muscle

A

alternate pathways
depolarization

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5
Q

diagnosis for cardiac arrhythmias

A

ECG

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6
Q

which wave:

depolarization of atria in response to SA node triggering

A

P wave

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7
Q

which wave:

delay of AV node to allow filling of ventricles

A

PR interval

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8
Q

which wave:

depolarization of ventricles, triggers main pumping contractions

A

QRS complex

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9
Q

which wave:

beginning of ventricle repolarization, should be flat

A

ST segment

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10
Q

which wave:

ventricular repolarization

A

T wave

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11
Q

what does supraventricular arrhythmia mean

A

begins above the ventricle

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12
Q

three types of supraventricular arrhythmias

s________ t_________
a_______ p_______ c_________
a________ f________

A

supraventricular tachycardia
atrial premature contractions
atrial fibrillation

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13
Q

what percentage of cerebral blood flow is reduced with supraventricular tachycardia

A

14%

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14
Q

what percentage of cerebral blood flow is reduced with atrial fibrillation

A

23%

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15
Q

what kind of dog breeds does atrial fibrillation normally effect

A

large breed dogs

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16
Q

rapid, irregular heart beat

A

atrial fibrillation

17
Q

with atrial fibrillation there is a loss of which waves

A

P waves

18
Q

treatment for atrial fibrillation

A

slow the heart rate but won’t correct the atrial fibrilation

19
Q

two medication types used to treat atrial fibrillation

A

glycosides (Digoxin)
calcium channel blockers (Diltiazem)

20
Q

what will eventually develop with atrial fibrillation

A

congestive heart failure

21
Q

what percentage of cerebral blood flow is reduced by ventricular tachycardia

A

40-75%

22
Q

what kind of dogs breed are more commonly effected by ventricular tachycardia

A

large breeds

23
Q

clinical symptoms of ventricular tachycardia

w_________
c__________
s_________

A

weakness
collapse
syncope

24
Q

what do the waves show with ventricular tachycardia

A

QRS kicks and does not allow P wave

25
Q

two medication treatments for ventricular tachycardia

A

Procainamide
Lidocaine

26
Q

what will develop with ventricular tachycardia

A

congestive heart failure

27
Q

what is the prognosis for ventricular tachycardia

A

poor

28
Q

medication treatment for ventricular premature contractions

A

lidocaine

29
Q

what does the wave show with ventricular fibrillation

A

lack of defined QRS

30
Q

treatment for ventricular fibrillation

A

life threatening - DEFIBRILLATION!

31
Q

what species are sinus arrhythmias normal in

A

dogs

32
Q

in sinus arrhythmias, the breathing pattern is altered by what

A

vagal nerve tone

33
Q

which species is sinus bradycardia seen in

A

large breed, athletic dogs

34
Q

what is the heart rate of patients with sinus bradycardia

A

less than 70 beats/min

35
Q

pathogenic conditions that can cause sinus bradycardia

i_______ p________
h________
g_____ d_______
d______
h_________

A

intracranial pressure
hypothyroid
GI disturbances
drugs
hyperkalemia

36
Q

what is the treatment for sinus bradycardia if there are clinical signs

A

atropine

Clin Tech 3 - Unit 5 (26 decks)

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