Confidence and self-efficacy in sport performance

Question 1

What do levels of sport confidence have an effect on?

Answer 1

1. Performance, high levels make you more motivated to achieve and make decisions that are more likely to have positive outcomes
2. Participation, low levels of sport confidence may mean you shy away from activities but high levels enable people to participate and not feel inhibited
3. Self-esteem, high levels of sport confidence will mean high self-esteem, those with low levels may experience low self-esteem and feel they are not good enough

Question 2

What are the components of Vealey’s sport confidence model?

Answer 2

1. Sporting context
2. SC-trait
3. Competitive orientation
4. SC-state
5. Behavioural response
6. Subjective outcome.

Question 3

Explain the component of sporting context and SC-trait with an example

Answer 3

1. Sporting context is the sporting situation you are in
   E.g. a penalty kick in football
2. SC-trait states that everyone has an existing level of sport confidence
   E.g. high levels of confidence in football

Question 4

Explain the component of competitive orientation and SC-state with an example

Answer 4

1. Competitive orientation states that everyone has an existing level of competitiveness
   E.g. enjoying highly competitive situations
2. SC-state explains that confidence can be shown in a specific situation in sport
   SC-state = (SC-trait) + (competitive orientation)
   E.g. if penalty taker has been successful in this situation many times, he will have high levels of SC-state so will likely succeed
   E.g. if SC-state was low, an inexperienced penalty taker would likely miss

Question 5

Explain the component of behavioural response and subjective outcome with an example

Answer 5

1. Behavioural response is the response to a situation
   E.g. a penalty is scored or not scored
2. Subjective outcome is the emotion felt towards the behavioural response.
   These perceived feelings affect future SC-trait and competitive orientation. Positive perceived feelings may increase confidence but negative feelings may decrease it.
   E.g. satisfaction if penalty is scored, disappointment if it is not. Increased future confidence if outcome is successful, possible decreased confidence if outcome is poor

Question 6

What is banduras theory of self efficacy?

Answer 6

According to Bandura, our expectations of self-efficacy depend on four types of information:

1. Performance accomplishments: a reminder of previous successes in the related skill or situation
2. Vicarious experiences: watching others perform the skill in question
3. Verbal persuasion: convincing the athlete of their ability to perform the skill
4. Emotional arousal: the evaluation the performer makes of a physiological state