Conducting Research

Question 1

The Hypothetico Deductive Method

Answer 1

choose topic, issue, problem
gather background research
develop hypothesis/ question
decide on meth & sampling frame
conduct pilot study
conduct research & collect data
analyse data
draw conclusions
evaluate study

Question 2

Choosing topic, issue, problem to investigate

Answer 2

personal interests
political beliefs/ theorectical per
oppur & access
funding
soc & in vogue topics
ethics / sensitivity of topic

Question 3

Gather Background Research

Answer 3

help formulate hypothesis
find out what has been done before so can add to
help determine research meths

Question 4

Research Question

Answer 4

sets out what the researcher is planning to investigate & give clear focus

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

hunch / uninformed guess - usually written as statement to be tested & then sup / refuted by evidence

Question 6

Methodology

Answer 6

which research methods you are going to use to collect data

Question 7

Sampling Frame

Answer 7

how will choose ptps

Question 8

Conduct Pilot Study

Answer 8

small scale trial run of research method b4 main study to check for problems
ensures research works in practice
to make sure data collected is type needed & wanted
to gen check how research will be conducted

Question 9

Sample

Answer 9

small part / quantity intended to show what the whole is like
used bc takes too long to study everyone
use to rep whole pop

Question 10

Target Population

Answer 10

whole group of indus the researcher is interested in
aim to take rep sample from target pop using sampling method
should = rep so gens about target pop can be made on basis of sample

Question 11

Oppurtunity Sample

Answer 11

ppl m readily available - ppl walking down street
= easiest meth bc can use 1st ptps find - takes less time to locate sample
= inevitably biased bc sample drawn from small part of target pop

Question 12

Volunteer Sample

Answer 12

advertise on notice board, social media/ newspaper - ppl contact you
have access to variety of ptps (all ppl who read newspaper) - makes m rep & less biased than oppur sample

Question 13

Random Sample

Answer 13

means each mem of pop having equal chance of being selected
easiest way = give num then use random num gen to select ptps/ hat - lottery method
= unbiased but may end up w/ biased sample bc = too small

Question 14

Systematic Sample

Answer 14

probability meth - select mems of pop at regular interval eg every 15th person on list of pop
if pop in random order can imitare benefits of random sampling

Question 15

Stratified Sampling

Answer 15

meth of random sampling where divide pop into smaller subgroups/ strata based on shared charas of mems - then randomly select from these groups to form final sample
these shared charas can include gender age sex race edu level / income
soc charas of pop may not be known - impos to create cross section
ppl could refuse to ptp

Question 16

Snowball Sample

Answer 16

researcher contacts someine to interview then asks them to suggest others then each suggest more
not rep but useful for contacting sample who can be dif to find/persuade - crims