Conduct investigations and Identification

Question 1

The 2 key tasks of any investigation are

Answer 1

Gathering and preserving evidence

Documentation

Question 2

Appropriate and accountable decision making is based on knowledge of

Answer 2

The legal framework

Characteristics of crime

National policies and proceedures

Question 3

The 7 parts of making a good decision

Answer 3

Acknowledge a problem exists
Identify, isolate and analyze the problem
Formulate an objective
Gather all info to determine how the aim can be achieved
Draw up a list of all ways it can be achieved
Weigh and study each alternative
Prepare plan for putting it in to action

Question 4

What is individual bias

Answer 4

Decision making that is unconsciously effected. Personal perceptions of people, places, situations etc.

Question 5

What is verification bias

Answer 5

Focussed on making decisions that support only a certain point of view and overlooking alternative lines of enquiry

Question 6

Steps in the appreciation technique

Answer 6

Develop and aim or objective

Factors to consider

Courses open

Develop a plan

Question 7

What 4 things are critical to an investigative mindset

Answer 7

Critical thinking

Decision making

Appreciation technique

Evaluation

Question 8

What is ‘material’

Answer 8

Substance of any kind including information and objects, sounds and images, obtained through investigation that has some bearing on any offence or any person being investigated or on the circumstances of the case

Question 9

Potential sources of material (8)

Answer 9

Victims
Witnesses
Suspects
Locations
CCTV
Phones
Banks
Intelligence databases

Question 10

Most common formats of material

Answer 10

Statements
Documents
Reports
Physical exhibits
Fingerprints
Images
Audio and video recordings

Question 11

Material is generated by an offence. It is dependent on the use to which it is put. Material becomes one of 3 things to an investigator, name them

Answer 11

Information

Intelligence

Evidence

Question 12

A hearsay statement is admissible if:

Answer 12

The circumstances relating to the statement provide reasonable assurance the statement was reliable

The maker of the statement is unavailable

The judge considers that undue expense or delay would be caused for the maker

Question 13

What is ABC

Answer 13

Assume nothing

Believe nothing

Corroborate everything

Question 14

Investigation evaluation is:

Answer 14

What is/isn’t known

Conflicts

All available information

Question 15

Material is split up into 3 parts

R
R
A

Answer 15

Relevance

Reliability

Admissibility

Question 16

Visual identification evidence

Answer 16

An assertion by a person on what that person saw to the effect that the defendant was present or near , either direct or circumstantially, a commission of an offence that was done at or about the time the act was done

Question 17

When is/isn’t visual identification evidence admissible/inadmissible

Answer 17

Followed the formal procedure or a good reason for not following

No good reason for not following the proceedure

Question 18

7 requirements for formal proceedures

Answer 18

Asap
No fewer than 7 others
No indication of the suspect
May or may not be among them
Written record to be sworn to be true
Pictorial record to be sworn and provided to court
Complies with relevant regulations

Question 19

6 good reasons for not following a formal identification procedure

Answer 19

Suspect refuses and police dont hold a current photo
Suspect has a singular/unique appearance that can’t be disguised
Substantially changed their appearance
No officer involved could have reasonably anticipated id would be an issue
An Id was made soon after the offence
Id of suspect was made by a chance meeting

Question 20

Is a suspect required to attend a formal id parade and why?

Answer 20

No. No person charged with an offence can be compelled to attend. They are entitled to have their lawyer present.

You can ask for a current photo but they can refuse