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Veterinary Nursing > Conditions and Disorders > Flashcards

Conditions and Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is arthritis?

A

Arthritis is inflammation of the joints.

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2
Q

What are the causes of arthritis?

A

Idiopathic (wear and tear)
Infectious diseases causes shifted lameness as it moves through the body
Degenerative
Immune-mediated

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3
Q

What are the clinical signs of arthritis?

A

Swelling of joints
Pain in affected joints
Lameness
Exercise intolerance
Crepitus (grating of bones together)
Pyrexia (from immune-mediated)

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4
Q

How is arthritis diagnosed?

A

X-ray
Ultrasound
Radiography
Physical Examination
Arthrocentesis (removal of fluid round the joint)

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5
Q

What is the treatment for arthritis?

A

Hydrotherapy
Metacam
Diet if animal is overweight
Physiotherapy
Laser Therapy
Pain Relief

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6
Q

How does a veterinary nurse take care of an animal that has arthritis?

A

Provide soft bedding
Provide exercise for the animal little and often
Keep the animal out of draught and damp
Provide a diet that takes excess weight off

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7
Q

What is colitis?

A

Inflammation of the colon

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8
Q

What are the clinical signs of colitis?

A

Watery Diarrhoea
Blood and mucous in faeces
Excessive Straining

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9
Q

What are the causes of colitis?

A

Bacterial Infection
Allergic Reaction
The cause is often unknown.

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10
Q

What is the treatment for colitis?

A

Adjusting Diet
Anti-inflammatories
Antibiotics

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11
Q

What is pancreatitis?

A

Inflammation of the pancreas

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12
Q

What are the causes of pancreatitis?

A

Often unknown
Sometimes linked to a high fat diet

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of pancreatitis?

A

Vomiting
Lethargy
Abdominal Pain
Inappetence

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14
Q

What is the treatment for pancreatitis?

A

Fluid therapy
Low fat diet
Pain relief
Sometimes assisted feeding

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15
Q

What is chronic kidney disease?

A

A disease that involves a progressive loss of renal function.

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16
Q

What are the clinical signs of chronic kidney disease?

A

Polydipsia (excessive drinking)
Polyuria (excessive urinating)
Weight Loss
Anorexia
Dehydration
Ulcers in the Mouth
Poor Coat Condition
High Blood Pressure
Anaemia

17
Q

How is chronic kidney disease diagnosed?

A

Blood Test
Urine Test
Ultrasound

18
Q

What is the treatment for chronic kidney disease?

A

Specialised Food
Fluid Therapy
Drugs

19
Q

What is cystitis?

A

Inflammation of bladder

20
Q

What is urolithiasis?

A

Minerals or stones in the urinary tract

21
Q

What are the clinical signs for cystitis and urolithiasis?

A

Pain
Dysuria (difficulty passing urine)
Vocalising whilst urinating

22
Q

What is the treatment for cystitis?

A

Antibiotics are given to combat the infection.

23
Q

What is the treatment for urolithiasis?

A

Flushing the blockage under general anaesthetic
Fluid therapy to support the kidneys
Altering the diet to dissolve the stones and prevent them re-forming
Surgical removal

24
Q

What is pyometra?

A

Infection or pus in the uterus

25
Q

What are the clinical signs of pyometra?

A

Lethargy
Pyrexia
Discharge (if the cervix is open)
Vomiting
Polydipsia
Toxic Shock

26
Q

How is pyometra diagnosed?

A

X-ray
Ultrasound

27
Q

What is the treatment for pyometra?

A

Ovariohysterectomy (spay)

28
Q

What is type 1 diabetes mellitus?

A

A lack of insulin production

29
Q

What is type 2 diabetes mellitus?

A

An inadequate response to insulin

30
Q

What are the clinical signs for diabetes mellitus?

A

Polyuria
Polydipsia
Weight loss
High blood glucose
Glucosuria - glucose in urine

31
Q

What are the causes of congestive heart failure?

A

Heart is unable to pump blood sufficiently
Valve diseases
Diseases like cardiomyopathy

32
Q

How is congestive heart failure diagnosed?

A

ECG - Electrocardiogram

33
Q

What are the clinical signs of congestive heart failure?

A

Exercise intolerance
Heart murmur
Arrhythmia - irregularities in the heartbeat
Coughing
Breathing difficulties
Collapse

34
Q

What is an abscess?

A

A localised collection pus

35
Q

Where can abscesses be found?

A

Skin
Bone
Muscle
Organs
Brain

36
Q

What are the clinical signs of an abscess?

A

Pain
Swelling
Reduced function
Pyrexia

37
Q

How are abscesses treated?

A

Draining of the abscess
Antibiotics

Veterinary Nursing (17 decks)

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