Concrete and foundations Flashcards
Strength of poured concrete will depend on which of the following? (check all that apply) Select one or more: a. how fast it cures b. water to cement ratio c. reinforcement within the concrete d. types of admixtures used
a. how fast it cures
b. water to cement ratio
c. reinforcement within the concrete
d. types of admixtures used
What is needed, when used with batter boards, to re-establish the building line in the bottom of an excavated area? Select one: a. string, plumb bob & hub stakes b. level, square & string c. 2 x 4, pry bar & nails d. transit, hammer & calculator
a. string, plumb bob & hub stakes
Concrete is a mixture of all but which one of the following? Select one: a. Aggregates b. Wire mesh c. Water d. Portland
b. Wire mesh
When constructing a wall the term "Plumb" means \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Select one: a. It means lead, as in lead pipes b. Perfectly horizontal c. Perfectly vertical d. It is short for plumbing
c. Perfectly vertical
Which of the following components will strengthen a poured concrete wall? Select one: a. Footing form b. Tie wire c. Anchor bolt d. Reinforcement Bar
d. Reinforcement Bar
It is possible to build a foundation out of wood
Select one:
a. False
b. False except for southern dry climates
c. True except for rainy areas such as Seattle
d. True
d. True
A rectangular masonry column that may help to reinforce a concrete wall is called a Select one: a. Post b. Pilaster c. Grade beam d. Pediment
b. Pilaster
A foundation that integrates the footing & slab floor in the same pour (pouring concrete) is \_\_\_\_\_ Select one: a. Monolithic slab b. Full foundation c. Independent slab on grade d. Frost wall foundation
a. Monolithic slab
A common calculation used to "square" a foundation uses what method? Select one: a. Pythagorean Theorem b. L1 + L2 divided by the hypotenuse c. Measure twice, cut once d. L X W
a. Pythagorean Theorem
The term “Setback” means
Select one:
a. The minimum distance a house can be from the property line
b. The distance between two adjacent houses
c. A construction term for getting behind schedule in a job
d. A vertical distance where the builder cannot go beyond
a. The minimum distance a house can be from the property line
Concrete reaches 95% of its strength in approximately \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Select one: a. One day b. About a month c. One week d. One hour
b. About a month
The common abbreviation for concrete block is Select one: a. CMU b. CBU c. CB d. Block
a. CMU
Which of the following best/closest describes “Building Line”
Select one:
a. The setback line that you cannot build beyond
b. The boundary line of the property
c. An imaginary line marking the height of the building
d. The outside of the framing on a house
d. The outside of the framing on a house
Batter boards are used to Select one: a. Help with layout b. Connect joists together c. Brace girders d. Secure footings
a. Help with layout
What is:
- The property line
- Building line
- Setback
- Level vs. Plumb
- Plot plan/ Site plan
- Property line- The boundary line between two pieces of property.
- Building line- The outer edge of the structure’s perimeter
- Setback- the minimum distance which a building or other structure must be separated from a road, street, etc. (distance of the building from other property lines)
- Level vs. plumb- Level is perfectly horizontal whereas plumb is perfectly vertical
- Plot/site plan - is an accurate drawing or map of a property that shows the size and config. of a property and the size and precise location of most man-made features
What are batter boards?
Temporary frames, set beyond the corners of a planned foundation at precise elevations. These batter boards are then used to hold layout lines to indicate the limits (edges and corners) of the foundation.
What are ledger boards?
What does square means?
ledger board- a structural member that is mounted to a vertical frame.
square- all 4 angles are 90 degrees. It also means the diagonals are equal.
What does saw kerf do?
What does a plumb bob provide?
A saw kerf helps to keep the line in place on a board. It is a small cut that allows the line to sit inside of it.
a plumb bob provides a vertical transfer of stake position from the string intersection
What are these terms?
Admixture
anchor bolt
Admixture- a substance which can be added to concrete to achieve or modify its properties. They are added to concrete in addition to cement, water and aggregate, typically immediately before or during the mixing process.
Anchor bolt- are embedded in wet concrete. they are used to secure a wooden sill plate to concrete or masonry floor or wall.
The intentionally made air bubbles are very small. Billions of them are contained in a cubic yard of concrete. Air into concrete helps to increase resistance to freezing and thawing. Has other benefits like less water and sand are required, the workability is improved, separation of the water from the paste is reduced, and the concrete can be finished sooner and is more water tight. What type of concrete is this?
Air entrained concrete. It is recommended for almost all concrete projects
What are these three styles of foundations?
Full (basement) Foundation
Crawl space foundation
Slab on grade foundation
Full (basement) foundation- provide structure for basements which are building spaces below grade. Usually done in northern climates deep excavation is necessary to get beneath the frost line.
Crawl space foundation- has a small space between floor and foundation
Slab on grade foundation- Places the house on concrete floor with no basement
Where is the footing located and how thick is it?
What is the purpose of the footing?
The footing located beneath the frost line, it is generally twice the foundation thickness.
The purpose of the footing it to distribute load from the structure into the soil.
What is a foundation wall?
A solid wall attached to the footing and rising to ground level at the point where the ground is height under the building
A monolithic slab combines the footing and floor in one unit and can be poured at the same time. True or false?
True
