Conception and contraception

Question 1

Spermatogenesis

Answer 1

64 day process
Primordial germ cells -> spermatogonia -> seminiferous tubule
-> primary spermatocytes 46x2 -> meiosis -> secondary spermatocytes 23 x2 -> meiosis -> spermatids 23 x1
-> spermiogenesis = spermatozoa

Question 2

Oogenesis

Answer 2

Begins in intrauterine life
Primordial germ cells wall of yolk sac, end of 3rd wk
Amoeboid movement -> developing gonads, beginning of 5th wk
->oogonia -> primary oocyte surrounded by follicular cells 46x2
-> prophase meiosis = arrest
LH surge -> meiosis -> secondary oocyte + polar body both 23x2
Fertilisation -> mature oocyte + polar body both 23x1

Question 3

Condoms

Answer 3

98% effective if used correctly
2/100 women pregnant in one year, no contraception 80-90/100
Also reduce risk of sexually transmitted infections
No side effects, only used during intercourse, easily available
Can interrupt sex, risk they can split or slip off, latex allergy,
Incorrect use: oil based lubricant, penis touching any area close to vagina before condom fitted, used past date

Question 4

COCP

Answer 4

Reduced risk bowel cancer
12% reduced risk of cancer
Take full sexual Hx prior to prescription

Question 5

Emergency contraception

Answer 5

Copper IUD: up to 5 days
Ulipristal: progesterone antagonist up to 5 days
Levonorgesterol 1.5 mg within 72 hrs