CONCEPT OF PERFUSION

Question 1

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Answer 1

Is caused by impaired blood flow to myocardium, due to atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries

Question 2

ANGINA PECTORIS

Answer 2

Chest pain caused by reduced cardiac blood flow

Question 3

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Answer 3

Unstable cardiac ischemia

Question 4

ISCHEMIA (heart attack)

Answer 4

Develops when oxygen supply inadequate to meet metabolic needs

Question 5

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Answer 5

Is the most common cause of reduced coronary blood flow and develop where arteries bifurcate or branch

Question 6

ATHEROMAS

Answer 6

Complex lesions of lipids, fibrous tissue, collagen, calcium, cellular debris, capillaries develop can rupture or ulcerated causing emboli or thrombus

Question 7

STABLE ANGINA

Answer 7

Is the most common and predictable

• Occurs with a predictable amount of activity or stress and is commonly occurring with CAD
• Work of heart is increased by stress, physical excretion, exposure to cold
• Relieved by rest and nitrates

Question 8

UNSTABLE ANGINA

Answer 8

Occurs with increasing frequency, severity and duration

• Pain is unpredictable, occurs with decreasing levels of activity or stress and may occur at risk
• At risk for MI

Question 9

PRINZMETAL

Answer 9

Occurs unpredictably and often at night

• unrelated to activity
• Mechanism unknown, is caused by coronary artery spasm

Question 10

C-REACTIVE PROTEIN

Answer 10

Related to inflammatory process, may be predictive of CAD

Question 11

ANKLE BRACHIAL BLOOD PRESSURE INDEX

Answer 11

Test for peripheral vascular disease, may be predictive of CAD

Question 12

STRESS ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY (exercise stress test)

Answer 12

Uses ECGs to monitor the cardiac response to an increased workload during progressive exercise

Question 13

ELECTRON BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

Answer 13

3 dimensional image of heart and coronary arteries