Concept of Infections

Question 1

DISEASE

Answer 1

Occurs when the microorganisms produces a detectable altercation in normal tissue function

Question 2

INFECTIOUS DISEASE

Answer 2

Are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another

Question 3

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

Answer 3

Is an illness transmitted from one individual to another by contact with body fluids or indirectly transmitted by contact with contaminated objects, airborne particles, or vectors

Question 4

ASYMPTOMATIC

Answer 4

Infection is one that microorganisms produce no clinical evidence of disease (CMV and “Typhoid Mary”)

Question 5

PATHOGEN

Answer 5

Is a microorganism that causes disease, such as strep bacteria causing strep throat

Question 6

VIRULENCE

Answer 6

Is ability of a microorganism to produce disease

Question 7

ASEPSIS

Answer 7

Is the absence of disease causing microorganism

Question 8

MEDICAL ASEPSIS

Answer 8

Is all practices intended to confine almost all microorganisms
-clean or dirty

Question 8

SURGICAL ASPESIS

Answer 8

Are practices that keep an area or object free of all microorganisms

Question 8

SEPSIS

Answer 8

Is the whole body inflammatory

Question 8

BACTERIA

Answer 8

Most commonly cause infection

Question 8

VIRUSES

Answer 8

Consist primarily of nucleic acid, must enter living cells to reproduce

Question 8

FUNGI

Answer 8

Yeasts, mold

Question 9

PARASITES

Answer 9

Live on other organisms

-Protozoa (diarrhea), helminths (worms), Arthropoda (flees)

Question 10

CONLONIZATION

Answer 10

Microorganisms become resident flora but do not cause disease

Ex. Mercer

Question 11

LOCAL INFECTION

Answer 11

Limited to a specific part of the body

Question 12

CONJUNCTIVITIS

Answer 12

Highly contagious inflammation of the conjunctiva

- blurred vision, crusty eyelid, pain, redness, sensitivity to light, watery eyes

Question 13

SYSTEMIC INFECTIONS

Answer 13

Microorganisms spread and damage different parts of the body

Question 14

CELLULITIS

Answer 14

Acute infection of the dermis and connective tissue

• inflammation is the chief symptoms
• Intense pain, heat, redness, and swelling

Question 15

SEPTICEMIA

Answer 15

Effects entire system

Question 16

INFLUENZA

Answer 16

Highly contagious viral respiratory disease

- Fever over 100, aching muscles, chills and sweats, dry cough, fatigue and weakness, nasal congestion

Question 17

TUBERCULOSIS

Answer 17

Cough with mucus, usually bloody

-Fever, excessive sweating (usually at night), fatigue, breathing difficulty, and fluid around the lungs

Question 18

CYSTITIS

Answer 18

Is inflammation of the urinary bladder, is most common lower UTI
-5-7 days of antibiotic

Question 19

PYELONEPHRITIS

Answer 19

Is inflammation of the kidney and the renal pelvis, is most common upper uti
- Give antipyretics and IV antibiotics

Question 20

1. INCUBATION PERIOD

Answer 20

pathogen multiples, but not yet causing symptoms

Question 21

2. PRODROMAL STAGE

Answer 21

Symptoms start

Question 22

3. ILLNESS STAGE

Answer 22

Maximal impact of the infection

Question 23

4. CONVALESCENT STAGE

Answer 23

Infection is contained and pathogen is eliminated

Question 24

CARRIER STATE

Answer 24

Host defenses eliminate infectious disease, but the organism continue to multiply

Question 25

CLABSI

Answer 25

Central line associated bloodstream infection

-Hospital acquired infection occurring with a patient with a temporary central line or PICC line

Question 26

VAP

Answer 26

Ventilator associated pneumonia

-Pneumonia that develops that was not present on admission related to the ventilator

Question 27

ENDOGENOUS

Answer 27

Microorganisms that originate from the client themselves

Question 28

EXOGENOUS

Answer 28

Microorganisms that are from the hospital environment and hospital personnel

Question 29

DISINFECTANT

Answer 29

Used on inanimate objects

Question 30

ANTISEPTIC

Answer 30

Used on skin, tissue

Question 31

BACTERICIDAL AGENT

Answer 31

Destroys bacteria

Question 32

BACTERIOSTATIC AGENT

Answer 32

Prevents growth