Con Tech Competency Flashcards
What is buildability? 
Buildability is how the design of a building facilitates the ease of construction. Early contractor involvement can assist due to their experience and expertise for buildability. 
What are the building regulations? 
The building regulations set out minimum performance standards for the design and construction of buildings. They are supported by the approved documents.
Can you explain what operational and maintenance manuals are?
Upon building completion operation and maintenance manuals are issued to the client to inform them how the building has been constructed and how it should be cleaned maintained and decommissioned 
What might be included in the operation and maintenance manuals? 
It would include as built drawings and specifications and certificates for example, electrical gas and fire certificates

Can you walk me through the methodical erection of a building?
On the Kingsway the piles were board and cast; the ground floor slab was cast first column were affected; form work put in place for upper floors; first floor slab was cast on top of this; process repeated until all floors were completed external envelope and roof was fitted; internal walls and partitions were erected with first fix M&E; plasterboard fitted and skimming if required; suspended ceilings and raised access floors fitted; finishes and secondary M&E; external works
What surveys would be carried out on a new site?
Topographical; archaeological; asbestos; desktop study; drainage CCTV; California bearing ratio (CBR test)
Why are site investigations important?
Site investigations could establish foundation and substructure design; also assesses ground conditions and contamination that could affect construction or safety
What is a California bearing ratio test?
Test the load-bearing capacity of the ground to inform the foundation design and construction
Are you aware of any vegetation that could cause issues for construction?
I am aware of Japanese knot weed and I understand further guidance can be sorted in the RICS Japanese knot weed and residential property guidance
What is a design and access statement?
Design and access statement is a short report that accompanies the planning application to demonstrate how the building has been designed and can be accessed by prospective users
What do you understand about the benefits of prefabrication?
The quality can be controlled in factories; it can reduce building time on site which can provide program efficiencies; it can be considered sustainable due to less waste on site; health and safety can be improved for site workers
What are some of the drawbacks of prefabrication?
- The immediate cost can be higher
- Materials may not be sustainably sourced as a lot of MMC takes place in other countries
- can have a negative effect on social sustainability as it may limit opportunities for local workers
What are the risks of prefabrication?
Item may not fit when delivered to site; client doesn’t have control over quality; materials could get damaged in transit
How can the risk of damage be mitigated with prefabricated building elements?
Conducting a Factory Acceptance Test before departing the facility; conducting a Site Acceptance Test post arrival on site
What are temporary works?
Parts of construction projects that are required to enable the permanent building to be built
Can you provide some examples of temporary works?
Propping; scaffolding; formwork; excavation support
What is a hoist? 
A lift for material and people transportation up and down the building
What is a culvert? 
A tunnel like structure that allows water to flow under a road railway or other obstruction
What is a substructure? 
The lower part of the building underground that supports the superstructure and transfers loads to the ground; this can include foundations basements and retaining walls
What is ground heave? 
The swelling of the ground causing an upward movement that can affect foundations and buildings
Can you name some different forms of excavation? 
Site clearance; topsoil strip; cut and fill; excavation for substructures or basements
What key factors should a contractor consider when excavating? 
Working space allowance; proximity to existing structures; nature of the soil; depth of excavation; requirement for earthwork support
What considerations are given when selecting the type and size of foundations? 
Loadings of the building; type of structure; cost; construction restraints for example proximity to other buildings
What type of foundations are you aware of? 
Pad foundations; piled foundations; raft foundations; strip foundations
What is a raft foundation?
Continuous slap the stretches over the whole footprint of the building 
What is a pad foundation? 
Pad foundation uses individual foundations to support columns spreading the loads across the ground below
What are strip foundations?
Strip foundations are linear strips that serves to spread weight across the total ground area typically use to support masonry works 
Why might you use piled foundations? 
To support large structures the require loadings to be distributed to the ground below; may be adopted where site conditions require more reinforced foundation solution 
What is the difference between end bearing piles and friction piles?
End bearing piles rest on hard ground beneath the surface; friction piles work to transfer loads to the soil around each pile
What is the difference between bored piles and driven piles?
Board piles are manufactured on site where hole in the ground is excavated and the pile is manufactured and cast on site; driven piles are generally manufactured offsite in a factory prefabricated and then driven into the ground using a pile drill 
what are the advantages and disadvantages of bored piles?
Advantages include: any shape or size of pile can be matched on site; no risk of damage during delivery; reduced vibration and noise
Disadvantages include: coordination of multiple trades for example reinforcement crew, piling crew, concrete supplier; significant spoils are generated that need to be disposed of
What are the advantages and disadvantages of driven piles?
Advantages include:
-piles can be pre-cast any specific requirements
- bearing capacity of the pile may increase
- fast, neat and clean installation
- suitable for contaminated ground
Disadvantages include:
- requires heavy equipment for handling and delivery
- increase noise and vibration
- can be costly if piles are short
- precast piles can be damaged during delivery
What is a retaining wall?
Retaining walls hold back the ground behind it; typical purpose is to resist the lateral pressure of soil where there is a change in ground elevation
What are secant piled walls?
A wall that uses a female and male interlocking pile with no gaps creating a solid barrier
What is underpinning and when might it be required?
Underpinning is a method for repairing and strengthening foundations; it may be required to stabilise foundations that have moved because of landslide; affected by vibration damage; affected by heave or subsidence
What issues may be encountered on an enclosed site?
Materials may need to be stored offsite; site cabins may need to be located offsite
What are the key design considerations for external walls?
Weather protection
Fire resistance
Acoustic performance
Thermal performance
Appearance
Lifespan
Maintenance requirements
 what is a retained facade?
A facade that is kept the same while the building is being restored. Retain fades are often used when restoring listed buildings.