COMPUNDING - LAB 2 Flashcards
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that has a _________ therapeutic index
narrow
gentamicin dosing is highly dependent on the patient’s
body weight and kidney function
T or F gentamicin is hydrophobic
f, It is hydrophillic
gentamicin is highyl distributed in
the aqueous compartment
why is gentamicin dosing based on lean body mass or adjusted body weight
the drug does not penetrate well into fat tissue since it is hydrophilic and highly distributed in the aq compartments
the actual body weight reflects
the true volume distribution (for patients with normal body composition)
what is considered an obese patient
bmi over 30 or weight 120-130% over ideal body weight
for obese patients, dosing based on actual body weight can result in
overdosing
why does dosing based on actual body weight in obese patients result in overdosing
gentamicin distributes primarily in lean tissue rather than fat therefore adj body weight is needed to account for excess fat
what is the formal for ideal body weight in males
IBW = 50 kg + 2.3 kg for each inch over 5 feet ( 60 in)
what is the formula for ideal body weight in females
IBW = 45.5 kg + 2.3 kg for each inch over 5 feet (60 in)
what is the formula for adjusted body weight
IBW + 0.3 (body weight - IBW)
use 0.4 for gentamicin dosing
when do we use actual body weight
when the actual body weight is less than ideal body weight
if actual body weight is 30% higher than ideal body weight use
adjusted body weight
if actual body weight is not higher than 30% than the ideal body weight, then use
the ideal body weight
what is another name for hospital acquired pneumonia
nosocomial pneumonia
nosocomial pneumonia is a
type of pneumonia that develops 48 hours or more after a patient is admitted to a hospital or healthcre facility and was not present or incubating at the time of admission
what is the treatment for nosocomial pneumonia
empiric or target abx therapy
gentamicin is particularly used to treat
gram negative bacteria
the cockcroft fault formula is used to
estimate creatinine clearance which is an indicator of kidney function
how is serum creatinine typically measured
blood test , critical for ck formula
what do high levels of sCR indicat
reduced kidney function, because kidneys are less able to flter out creatinine effectively
why is sCr important to monitor prior to adminitering gentamicin?
gentamicin is primiarly cleared by the kidneys, so patients with impaired kidney function require dose adjustments
what is water activity
measures the amount of free water in a substance that is available for microbial growth, chemical reactions, and physical changes
it is the ratio between standard water vapor pressure and teh water pressure reflected in a sample
HOW MUCH WATER IS AVAILABLE FOR MICROBIAL GROWTH
water content refers to
the amount of water in a sample
