Compounds and Stoichiometry

Question 1

What is the definition of a mole?

Answer 1

The amount of a substance that contains the same amount of particles that are found in a 12g sample of carbon-12

Question 2

What is Avogadro’s number?

Answer 2

6 x 10^23

Question 3

Combustion Reactions

Answer 3

a fuel (Ex: hydrocarbon) is reacted with an oxidant to produce an oxide and water

Question 4

Decomposition Reactions

Answer 4

a compound breaks down into two or more substances (usually as a result of hydrolysis or electrolysis)

Question 5

Combination reactions

Answer 5

two or more reactants form one product

Question 6

Single-Displacement reactions

Answer 6

at atom (on an ion) of one compound is replaced by an atom of another element

Question 7

Double-Displacement Reactions

Answer 7

AKA: Metathesis reactions

elements from two different compounds displace each other to form two new compounds

Question 8

Net Ionic Equations

Answer 8

types of equations that are written showing only the species that actually participate in the reaction, the other ions or elements are called spectator ions and they remain in the solution throughout

Question 9

Neutralization Reactions

Answer 9

specific double displacement reaction that occur when an acid reacts with a base to produce a solution of a salt (and usually water)

Question 10

Factors affecting reaction rates

Answer 10

reactant concentrations, temperature, medium, catalysts

Question 11

Catalysts

Answer 11

substance that increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy without being consumed

Question 12

How to calculate moles

Answer 12

moles= mass (g)/molar mass (g/mol)

Question 13

Molarity Calculation

Answer 13

molarity = normality/n

Question 14

Percent Composition Calculation

Answer 14

% comp = mass of element in formula/ molar mass x 100%

Question 15

% Yield Calculation

Answer 15

% yield = actual yield/ theoretical yield x 100%