Atomic Structure

Question 1

Atomic Weight

Answer 1

The weighted average of the masses of the naturally occuring isotopes of an element in amu per atom

Question 2

Mole

Answer 2

unit used to count particles and is represented by Avogadro’s number (6.022 x 10^23)

Question 3

Moles Calculation

Answer 3

Moles= mass of sample/molar mass

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

multiple species of atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 5

Planck’s Quantum Theory

Answer 5

energy emitted as electromagnetic radiation from matter exists in discrete bundles called quanta

Question 6

Absorption Spectrum

Answer 6

characteristic energy bands where electrons absorb energy

Question 7

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 7

it it impossible to determine with perfect accuracy the momentum and the position of an electron simultaneosly

Question 8

Principle Quantum Number

Answer 8

n
Represents the Shell
The larger the integer value of n, the higher the energy level and radius of the electrons orbit, the maximum number of electrons in energy level n is 2n^2

Question 9

Azimuthal Quantum Number

Answer 9

l 
Represents subshell
The four subshells corresponding to l are: 
s=0
p=1
d=2
f=3
Maximum number of electrons that can exist within a subshell is given by the equation 4l + 2

Question 10

Magnetic Quantum Number

Answer 10

Ml
Represents the Orbital within a subshell where an electron is likely to be found
Between -l and l

Question 11

Spin Quantum Number

Answer 11

Ms
Represents the spin of a particle, which is its intrinsic angular momentum and is a characteristic of the particle
Either 1/2 or -1/2

Question 12

Hund’s Rule

Answer 12

within a given subshell orbitals are filled such that there are a maximum of half filled orbitals with parallel spins

Question 13

Valence Elections

Answer 13

electrons of an atom that are in its outer energy shell and that are available for bonding

Question 14

Cations

Answer 14

lose an electron and have positive charge

Question 15

Anions

Answer 15

gain an electron and have negative charge

Question 16

Equation for Energy of a quantum

Answer 16

E=hf

Question 17

Plancks Constant

Answer 17

6.6 x 10^-34

Question 18

As electrons move away from the nucleus:

Answer 18

The energy of the electron increases

Question 19

Electromagnetic energy of a photon equation

Answer 19

E = hc/λ

Question 20

The energy of the emitted photon corresponds to:

Answer 20

the difference between the higher-energy initial state, and the lower-energy final state

Question 21

Electron Configurations of Cations

Answer 21

one less electron, therefore resemble element to the left on the periodic table

Question 22

Electron Configurations of Anions

Answer 22

one extra electron therefore resemble element to the right on the periodic table

Question 23

Paramagnetic

Answer 23

materials with unpaired electrons will orient their spins to align with the magnetic field and are weakly attracted to it

Question 24

Diamagnetic

Answer 24

materials with paired electrons will be slightly repelled by a magnetic field